Students and ideally, general readers, who just want to learn what some of the best thinkers have thought about right & wrong and good & bad will learn a lot from this book. They will also also (and more importantly), learn careful philosophical methodology--that is, learn how to think about and critically evaluate ethical theories. The book is clear and concise, careful and precise but not overly technical to a fault, and enjoyable to read.
Also, the price simply cannot be beat, especially for a text. Poor students will be grateful and they might even hold onto it after class is over.
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Rather than try to explain Pasternak's incredible gift for metaphor and detail, his absolute love of words - he was a decent translator of Shakespeare and others - I'll roughly approximate my favorite poem, from it's original Russian. It is untitled.
***
My friend, you ask, who ordered
That the holy idiot's speech should blaze?
***
Let us trickle words
As the garden drips amber and lemon
Absently and generous,
Gently, gently, gently.
And there's no need to explain
Why there is such ceremony
Of madder and of lemon
Scattering on leaves.
Who made pine needles rush
On a long stick, like music
Through the locks of Venetian blinds,
To the bookcase.
Who reddened the rug of mountain ash
Rippling beyond the door,
Written through with beautiful,
Quivering cursives.
You ask, who orders
That August be great
To whom nothing is small
Who lives in the finishing
Of maple leaves;
Who, since the days of the Ecclesiastes,
Hasn't left his post
And is hewing alabaster?
You ask, who orders,
That the September lips of asters and dahlias
Shall suffer?
That leaves
Should fall from stone caryatids
To the damp gravestones
Of autumn hospitals?
You ask, who orders?
--Omnipotent God of details,
Omnipotent God of love,
Of Yaigails and Yaidvigas.
I don't know, was it decided,
The riddle of the road to the afterlife,
But life, like the stillness
Of autumn -- is details.
I can't quite transmit the pine needles rushing through the Venetian blinds as boats through a sluice, but I'm sure Mr. Rudman could. Even through my approximate translation, it's possible to see what a man of detail Pasternak was. In my edition, the introduction begins: "With Pasternak, you must hurt" -- as great ideas are, the editor notes, painful.
Pasternak certainly took painful care of his words, his thoughts, his beauty. And "Sister of Mine-Life," one of his earlier collections - (the summer of 1917) - is beautiful, detailed and pained.
***
As a post script, I prefer "Sister of Mine-Life," to "My Sister-Life" because the construction "sistra maya" - rather than "maya sistra" stresses that she's my sister.
Also, because life and sister are both female in gender, "my sister" and "my life" are dually coupled in Pasternak's title. "My" could refer solely to sister, or it could be my life, as well.
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I like Marrs' books. They have the excitement of conspiracy theory. But grounded in Bible study. If you don't believe in the Bible (or are afraid your friends will think you're a nut if you do) you probably won't like his books. But if you're into Bible prophecy, and use the Christian Bible to guide your life, then I think you'll appreciate Marrs' perspective.
I'll admit, I try not to put any Christian writer on a pedestal. God is still the definitive Author. But there's a place for writers who use the Bible to comment on current events. I appreciate the work they do. Especially when it prompts me to go back and read Bible passages they've pointed out.
So, Mr. Marrs: I thank you for taking so much flak, yet still keeping the faith. And I eagerly await your next book.
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In our state, high school football is truly king. I had a chance to talk to Huff about this book.
When Student Sports Inc. of Torrance, California wanted to put together a national football record book recently, they turned to Huff. "Of course I jumped at it," he said. "And it's much more than a list of numbers."
The book that has just been published has Nitro (WV) grad J.R. House pictured on the cover along with three other players and three coaches.
When you pick up the just released National High School Football Record Book, you're going to see some big names and some mind-blowing facts.
What high school has a record 35 state titles with a record ten in a row? What school has won a record 113 games in a row (and still counting)? Check page 6.
And you can read about and see photos of stars such as Tim Couch, Billy Sims and Dan Marino.
But the new publication has a very distinctive West Virginia flavor too.
For starters, Huff is the editor of the book. Huff may have retired from his beat at the Wheeling (WV) Intelligencer, but he didn't exactly find the ol' rocking chair. In fact, the NHSFRB is as ambitious of a project that any one would (or wouldn't) want to take on.
Some of the books features are individual records, year-by-year season stat leaders, All-time best teams and All-Time All-Americans. There's the Top 50 Programs of All-time and the State vs. State All-Star Games.
National rankings and regional rankings are listed. You can check out top players, coaches and teams. Compare season and career stats.
The book is a must-have for any big high school football fan nationwide. But West Virginia gridiron fanatics will see many familiar names as well.
Did you know that Gatha Hoffman, a punter from Fairmont (WV)Senior HS is credited with a punt covering 105 yards in 1929? Or that Carlton Clark of Pennsboro (WV) HS has the record for blocked punts in a season with 16, also in 1929. Pineville's Curt Warner led in nation in points scored in 1978.
And check out the All-Time All-American Player Rankings! For wide receivers, everybody above Rand (WV)'s Randy Moss is already an NFL Hall of Famer, except for Vikings teammate Chris Carter - and he'll be one. And you should see the names ahead of (and behind) Warner, who makes the running backs list. Talk about respect, Farmington (WV)'s Sam Huff gets some too at the linebacker position.
And for pure stats Nitro quarterback J.R. House is all over the book, along with his favorite receivers Chris Martin, Zack Collins and Jeff Clark.
The 1999 MoHawk Bowl even gets a mention. You'll see Ceredo Kenova's Carl Ward's 10 titles. You'll also find Capital HS, Brooke HS, Nitro HS, Weir HS, North Marion HS, John Marshall HS, South Charleston HS, DuPont HS and East Bank HS in the NHSFRB pages with yearly rankings. The 2000 State Football Champs from each state are honored, so you'll see Morgantown HS, Wheeling Central HS and Bridgeport HS in there.
Morgantown (WV)'s Mark Wigal is a 2000 Student Sports Senior All-American, and there's tons more.
"It's been a passion of mine, and I'm tickled any time I see a West Virginian in there," said Huff.
The same will hold true for fans in any state -- this is a comprehensive book!
But who is the National High School Player of the Century? We'll you'll just have to turn to page 28 for the answer.
Jim Workman is the editor of WVSPN.com.
The final cause and goal of a moral theory is to bring about peace from the understanding of right and wrong. Timmons writes, 'The practical aim of a moral theory has to do with the desire to have some method to follow when, for example, we reason about what is right or wrong' (p. 3).
The material cause and stuff involved with a moral theory are actions, such as right or wrong actions. Timmons writes that a moral theory serves 'to explain what makes actions right or wrong' (p. 6).
The formal causes of a moral theory involved six unique 'characteristics' (p. 17). A moral theory that is trustworthy will be: (1) 'Consistent' (p. 13) and involve the inductive observations of regularities in nature; (2) 'Determinate' (p. 13) and will be clear and precise; (3) 'Intuitive' (p. 14) and will be based on 'facts about human nature' and common sense; (4) 'Internally supported' (p. 15) and will trigger the passion of hope and be supported by our beliefs; (5) 'Powerful' (p. 15) and will assist a person with 'principles that explain what it is about actions that makes them right or wrong;' (6) 'Externally supported' (p. 16) and will received support from counseling agents and experts in 'psychology, metaphysics and religion' (p. 16).
The principle agent and person primarily responsible for a moral theory is every person 'who can be held responsible for who they are and what they do' (p. 10). The principal agents of a moral theory are 'responsible agents' who are 'candidates for being morally good or bad' (p. 16).
There are three preparing agents and three things that we may do in order to arrive at a trustworthy moral theory. 1. We must define our terms and 'clarify important concepts, such as that of human dignity' (p. 2). 2. We must look at the different reasons people give when performing an action and 'evaluate various claims' (p. 2). 3. We must find the missing premises in practical syllogisms and evaluate the 'basic moral assumptions that are often unstated in the giving of such arguments' (p. 3).
The assisting agents of a trustworthy moral theory are 'moral principles' (p. 6), guidelines of discussion, and the 'principles' (p. 15) of right or wrong actions.
A trustworthy moral theory must consider the counseling agents and experts in the various disciplines, such as 'psychology, metaphysics and religion' (p. 16).
What does a person see, hear, taste, touch and smell when contacting a sound moral theory? A person may read about a law that was passed in Oregon in 1999 which allowed 'physician-assisted suicide' (p. 1) and was 'effectively overturned' (p. 2) after the consideration of the various reasons for the action and the hunt for missing premises in arguments.
A sound moral theory is analogous to strong scientific theory. Timmons writes, 'Scientists employ scientific methodology in arriving at scientific conclusions about various phenomena under investigation, and such methodology provides a means of resolving scientific disputes' (p. 3).
A sign that a moral theory is sound and trustworthy is that the moral theory agrees with one's hopes and beliefs. Timmons writes, 'A moral theory whose principles' logically imply our' moral beliefs [is a moral theory that] receives support' from those beliefs' (p. 15).
The history of philosophy shows that people have regularly desired a sound moral theory. Timmons writes, 'In the chapters that follow, we shall examine representative versions of the following moral theories'' Eight moral theories from the history of philosophy are considered in the following chapters of Timmon's Moral Theory.
The motive for having a sound moral theory is reasonable, since it is reasonable to 'understand the underlying nature of right and wrong' (p. 4). Additionally, the passion involved with a sound moral theory is desire, since we 'desire to have some method to follow' (p. 3) when trying to do the right thing.
The above deliberation process enables me to choose two of my favorite reasons for a sound moral theory and enables me to make the following command. A moral theory is good, because a moral theory includes preparing agents and sign of agreement with one's hopes and beliefs.
In order to execute an activity based on the above steps of prudence, I shall make the following argument:
The activities of defining terms, considering various reasons for an action and hunting for missing premises in arguments, as well as an agreement with one's hopes and beliefs, are good. A moral theory involves the activities of defining terms, considering various reasons for an action and hunting for missing premises in arguments, as well as an agreement with one's hopes and beliefs.
Therefore, a moral theory is good.