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If you are not a math or science major, you would ask me: why should I read this book? I would answer: because math appeals to a large number of people, and, you got to admit it, in this period of time people must know something about it. This theorem, in addition, had puzzled great mathematicians (even geniuses) for more than three and a half centuries. I think this means that it had passed around so many mathematical schools and fields.
The book starts with some exploration of Greek mathematics, being the base of modern thinking. Here we must see something about the Pythagorean Theorem, because it inspired the Fermat's Last theorem. The author speaks about a nice incident about a Pythagorean being killed for believing that there existed some numbers other than the Rationals (They were called Irrarionals later, even though they are as rational to the modern mathematics as any other numbers, say the quaternions).
He moves then to speak about Fermat, the French mathematician. He mentions that Fermat did not in fact write a proof for his theorem due to the limitation of the margins of his copy of Diaphintine's "Arithmetica,"! this caused the whole mathematical community to suffer 385 years to construct a plausible proof.
After that, we see how Euler proved the case when n = 3. Then Sophie Germain prove it, inspired by Euler, for the Germain prime numbers (which are some special prime numbers). This eliminated most of the cases, yet there still are infinitely many cases to check. The book does not go into technicalities, but you can enjoy reading about the backgrounds of some of brightest mathematicians of the 19th century.
Then comes some account on cryptography, as being the direct application of Number Theory, followed by the story of how Andrew Wiles, the most famous mathematician of our time, came to prove this theorem.
It proved to be even a harder task. It involved some modern up-to-date mathematics ... some fields of Number Theory called: "Elleptic Curves" and "Modular Forms."
Finally, I would like to say that I read this book when I was at my junior year in the department of mathematics at the University of Missouri-Columbia, I DID NOT NEED MUCH MATH TO UNDERSTAND IT. It, as a matter of fact, inspired me to continue my grad studies in the subject of Number Theory; unfortunately my real mathematical interests won the quarrel and I had to settle with Geometry.
I think any person with some understanding of the notion of mathematics may be very able to enjoy it as much as I did. If you want an introduction to this "mysterious" discipline, this book would provide you the best read.
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Tatla's excellent work underscores the 'situational' (p 210) nature of ethnic consciousness. Why then does he only grudgingly admit that, for the Sikh diaspora, 'a broader loyalty towards India probably still exists' (p210)? With the return of peace to Punjab and the entrance of the Akali Dal (the main Sikh political party) into the recent national coalition government of the Hindu nationalist Bharatiya Janata Party, support for Khalistan has become a slogan rather than a belief.
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Questions ranging from the history of Guru Nanak, the bringer of the Sikh message to humanity, are considered along with other detailed commentary on more recent events such as:
- Operation Bluestar during Mrs. Indra Gandhi's reign, when genocide was undertaken in Punjab by the Hindustani government; - The events which transpired in the Punjab leading up to Partition of India into Hindustan and Pakistan, with a harsh splitting up of the Punjab; - The creation of government-sponsored terrorist groups by the Hindustan Congress, leading to the RAW-sponsored terrorist bombing of an Air India Toronto-Delhi Boeign 747 flight over the Atlantic Ocean.
In "The Sikhs in History", other aspects of history from the Sikh perspective are described, such as: - The gradual introduction of non-Sikh Brahminical doctrine into the sangat (the community of Sikhs) and how this has influenced the present day community of Sikhs into adopting a more non-Sikh Hindu communal philosophy; - Detailed accounts of the lives of the first 10 Sikh Gurus, their accomplishments, and their setbacks;
Sangat Singh does not skip a beat as he takes the reader through every stage in history where Sikhs have been involved, providing references for his facts with every new development. The mind that questions what Sikhism is, and why Sikhs and Sikhism seem to be two distant notions from each other, will surely want to have this book as a reference on thier bookshelf.
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This is the first book I've read which explains clearly what Sikhs believe in. It has been fascinating and enlightening to gain positive knowldge on sikhism. Some of my associates are sikhs and it has enriched my understanding of their faith and beliefs. It has also helped to build bridges.
The book is written in easy English to understand, as Gurumukhi the orginal text is very difficult to understand. It is easily accessible to students, young and old and draws in reader of all backgrounds whatever, race or creed.
In my ministry this book has been a very useful tool, when coming in contact with people from sikh background. It also has been helpful to build bridges over ignorance and lack of knowldge.
I would highly recommend this book to any reader who seeks to learn the fundementals of the Sikh faith.
Pastor Simon Bhardwaj
As to the author, few people are as well qualified as Hakim Singh Rahi to produce a work such as this. Born in the Punjab, currently living in Birmingham (UK), Hakim Singh Rahi is a well-known Urdu poet who has produced books and poetry in several languages, including a novel in Hindi. Indeed, in 1989 he was awarded the Aizazi Award of the West Bengal Urdu Academy.
Who might be interested in this volume? If you want to understand what Sikhs believe, or if you teach Sikhism in a school or college, this book will prove to be an invaluable resource. Certainly there can be few better introductions to it than Revd. Rahi's book. I warmly commend it.
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The key is to absorb the dharanas (centering techniques) that are obvious. Over time, as one's yogic study deepens, many of the others will become apparent. The Vijnana-bhairava was written as the original home-study, Self-study course revealed by Bhairava (God). The practice of any tantric technique is by it's very nature done by oneself as each of our relationships to the Divine is a personal affair.
The amazing thing that this book conveys is a deep understanding of how we can find our connection with the Divine in our moment to moment existence. For the serious student there is no book I recommend more strongly.
This anthology contains anecdotes, sermonettes, aphorisms, and interviews with Sundar Singh which, if read with opennesss and sincerity, should move you to reflect on the ways you are approaching the person of Jesus of Nazareth in your own spiritual life.
Sundar Singh's teaching is filled with both the passion of christian committment and the insights of ancient
As an angry young Sikh distraught over his mother's death, Sundar Singh was preparing to take his own life when he experienced a visionary encounter, not with Krishna, but with Christ. He became a Sadhu, a wandering mystic, not pursuing a hermit-like existence, but traversing the jungles and high mountain passes to appear in remote villages and lend assistance and care to the poor and disease stricken, and to counsel spiritual seekers. In the early twentieth century, Singh led the life of a first century apostle. Western Christians will find Sundar Singh's parables and dialogues wonderfully lacking in western conventions. He eloquently describes the intellectual futility of trying to wage logical arguments against God's existence, his allegorical explanation of the Trinity is better than most, his teaching that there is but One source of peace, love, and understanding is the bedrock of Christianity (and all monotheism).
In Sadhu Sundar Singh we find a true Christian mystic, a student, a servant, a holy man. His ministry and teachings became known to millions, he was admired by hundreds of thousands, and loved by tens of thousands whose lives he touched. His life and teachings also caused certain interests to despise him and attempts were made on his life. He disappeared, alone in the high Himalayas, in 1929.
Singh was not a writer, he produced six small books (which contained much of the material used in this compilation), perhaps solely because admirers urged him to. Yet he offers an elegant economy of words, using familiar objects of the natural world as illustrations for his allegories and parables. His "warning to the West" remains a telling indictment of the spiritual numbness of Western materialism and of western "Christians" who embrace the doctrines of culture more dearly than the teachings of Christ. When, during a trip to Europe, Singh was chided for not being more concerned with twentieth century science, he asked his questioner to what he referred. "Natural selection, you know, survival of the fittest," blustered the questioner. "Ah," Singh responded, "but I am more interested in divine selection, and the survival of the unfit."