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Paul Leggett, Terence Fisher. Horror, Myth and Religion
McFarland & Co., Inc.: Jefferson, NC and London, 2002
by The Very Rev. Dr.theol. Paul F. M. Zahl, Dean
Cathedral Church of the Advent (Episcopal)
Birmingham, Alabama
Paul Leggett's Terence Fisher: Horror, Myth and Religion is a must for two categories of readers. And there are a lot of people in both categories.
The first category is fans of horror and sci-fi films. For all in the first group, Terence Fisher was a giant. His haunting productions for Britain's Hammer Films left an indelible impression on the millions who first saw them. They live on, on video and DVD, and on television every week, everywhere. Fisher's Draculas and Frankensteins, werewolves and phantoms were in technicolor. They were pure Gothic and presented as "A" films even though they were "B" films. Horror fans can now learn about their hero-auteur at depth.
The second category of readers for Dr. Leggett's book is fans of Christian fantasy and allegory. Many Christians are interested in popular culture, specifically in finding themes like redemption and sacrifice and atonement within movies and art. This is why Stephen King, for example, in fiction or Abel Ferrara in cinema attract interest from within the religious community. Not to mention Tolkien, and more Tolkien. The Lord of the Rings phenomenon has been fueled in part by adolescents coming to the material out of Christian interests and background.
Terence Fisher was a Christian apologist! That is not all he was, but Christian themes of love's conquest in cruciform imagery abound in his movies. Christian images are everywhere you look, from Curse of the Werewolf (1960) to The Devil Rides Out (1968), and before, and after.
Because Dr. Leggett is a theologian and a pastor, as well as a fan, he is able to make the connection between the world in which we actually live now and the preoccupations of the films of Terence Fisher. Leggett is a classic Christian-nothing New Age here!-and he is one who has been fascinated by these films since childhood. His book links the dark and deep struggles of the child in all of us, with a master storyteller in film; and sets the whole on the big screen of cosmic drama.
This is a wonderful book!
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A note:
This is the most comprehensive list of architects that we should look out for....and are the worlds' best. Also if anyone can understand each of these projects, he has understood 80% of architecture today....(but that is if he "reads" each of the houses :-) Each house is prototypical of the architect's interests and what drives him.....see the house and you will understand all his other projects.
BTW get that Menil house out of there. There is no letter he is writing.....
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Also interesting in this book is McKenna's view of human evolution as being facilitated by the discovery and use of psychedelic mushrooms. The only part about McKenna's views expressed in this book that I had a little bit of trouble with is his reluctance to validate mystical traditions of the world that don't or never have used psychedelic drugs as a part of their tradition. Terrance is definitely coming from a subjective realm in his description of his psychedelic experience (even though the experience can be confirmed to some degree by others who trip). Therefore, I believe that he should not discount non-psychedelic mystical traditions without having experienced the level of subjectivity that he obviously has with psychedelic drugs. Great book!!
I must admit that the book piqued my curiosity...and yes...at least for me...it was a mind-expanding/life-changing experience. But, I am a college physics instructor in my 30's whose sole motivation was consciousness and spirituality. I'm glad I never took "the voyage" in my teens or twenties, before I had an idea of who I am and what is important. I have a feeling it would have been very destructive.
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If we have learned our lessons from Darwin, and have the strength of mind to behold a nature without purpose and a human race with no proper and essential function, what can then remain for us of an ethics grounded upon a natural and immanent teleology? Must we insist upon the fact/value distinction in all its rigor and exile ethics into the stars? Or are we left only with an act of pure, groundless will - a will that exists only through the act of positing values, of assigning to things their worth and thus giving human kind its end and meaning? Perhaps Aristotle's "pleasure" points towards another possibility: the joyful contemplation of this life in the blossom of its ephemerality and contingency.
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"Swann's Way" is also the volume in which Proust tastes the divine madeleine then goes on to link memory to memory to memory. Even the smallest detail is not overlooked: sights, sounds, smells, textures, the interplay of light and shadow; everything was a source of joy and connection for Proust and he records those connections in this fascinating book. While Joyce lived in the world of the present, Proust lived in the world of the past.
So many people complain about the lack of plot in this book. But do we really need a plot in every book we read? Aren't some works of art beautiful enough to be read, or listened to or gazed upon for their beauty alone? Is anything truly "art for art's sake?" If your answer to this question is "Yes," then "Swann's Way" might be a book you'll come to treasure. Yes, it is dense and yes, it does take quite a bit of time to read, but it is time well spent and time that will never be forgotten.
"Swann's Way" sets the tone for all the volumes that follow. Indeed, the final section of the final book is but an echo of the first section of "Swann's Way." Although Proust may have seemed to be wandering, he was not; A la recherche du temps perdu is one of the most structured works in any language. The fact that this structure is not immediately discernable is only further proof of the genius of Proust.
The section, Swann in Love, is typical of Proust's obsession with repetition. Each time the tortured Swann meets Odette, he must re-enact the very first ritual of the cattleyas. They even come to speak of this as "doing a cattleya." The Swann in Love section also showcases Proust's wicked sense of humor, for Swann is both a character of high comedy and high tragedy, and Proust dissects French society in a most deliciously scathing manner.
While it may be Proust's reputation that causes us to pick up this book, it is his prose that keeps us reading. Almost indescribable, it is luminous, poetic, magical, fascinating, ephemeral, gossamer, mesmerizing, elegant and, of course, sublime.
I realize that "Swann's Way" is definitely not going to be a book for everyone. But those who love and appreciate fine literature and beautiful, crystalline prose, may find that "Swann's Way" will become nothing less than a lifetime treasure.
The narrator is presumably the young Marcel Proust who divides his recollections between his boyhood at his family's country house at Combray and his parents' friend Charles Swann, an art connoisseur. In fact, the path that passes Swann's house, being one of two ways the narrator's family likes to take when they go for walks, gives the book its title. Proust uses the theme of unrequited love to draw a parallel between his young narrator's infatuation with Swann's red-haired daughter Gilberte and Swann's turbulent affair with a woman named Odette de Crecy.
Intense romantic obsessions are a Proustian forte. Swann falls for Odette even though she is unsophisticated and frivolous and does not appear to love him nearly as much as he loves her. He is desperate for her, always sending her gifts, giving her money when she needs it, and hoping she will become dependent on him. It comes as no surprise that he is consumed with jealousy when he notices her spending time with his romantic rival, the snobbish Comte de Forcheville, and he is shocked by her lesbian tendencies and rumors of her prostitution. He finally realizes with chagrin that he has wasted years of his life pursuing a woman who wasn't his "type" -- but even this resignation is not yet the conclusion of their relationship.
Proust's extraordinary sensitivity allows him to explore uncommon areas of poignancy, perversity, and the human condition. One example is the young narrator's childish insistence on getting a goodnight kiss from his mother at the cost of wresting her attention away from the visiting Swann. Another remarkable instance is the scene in which a girl's female lover spits on the photograph of the girl's deceased father in disrespectful defiance of his wishes for his daughter's decency. And I myself identified with Legrandin, the engineer whose passion for literature and art grants his professional career no advantages but makes him an excellent conversationalist.
Few writers can claim Proust's level of elegance and imagery. The long and convoluted sentences, with multiple subordinate clauses tangled together like tendrils of ivy, remind me of Henry James; but Proust is much warmer and more intimate although admittedly he is just as difficult to read. The narration of "Swann's Way" is a loosely connected flow of thoughts which go off on tangents to introduce new ideas and scenes; the effect is similar to wandering through a gallery of Impressionist paintings. And, as though channeling Monet literarily, Proust displays a very poetical understanding of and communication with nature, infusing his text with pastoral motifs and floral metaphors that suggest the world is always in bloom.
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The book tells of Rubin Carter's final release and his move to Toronto. But the story ends there. You never read about Carter's turbulent love affair with Lisa Peters (one of the Canadians), a relationship that began when he was still incarcerated. And, needless to say, you never read about Carter's break with the Canadians and why, even to this day, his relationship with them remains precarious.
This book can be recommended to those looking for an inspirational, miraculous story. But for those seeking the hard facts about Rubin Carter and the Canadians who were instrumental in securing his release, this is not the book to read. Too much information is (intentionally?) omitted. Fortunately, the gaps have been filled by James Hirsch, whose thoroughly researched work now constitutes the standard critical biography of Rubin Carter.
Friday January 21, 2000, Larry King hosted the following group on his show; Rubin Carter, Lesra Martin, Denzel Washington, Judge Sarokin, Former Talk-Show Host Michael Douglas, and Attorney Gerry Spence. It was a tremendous show, and if you missed it, find out when it will be run again, you will not be disappointed.
One of the issues they all agreed upon was that 2 hours of film couldn't tell a life story. I recommend this book on the same theory. I also have seen the movie, and recommend it as well. I wrote extensively on the previous book but there are a couple of points this book noted that ranged from interesting to the pathetic. Lesra's Father was the Lead Singer for the group The Del Vikings when they performed on The Ed Sullivan show many years ago. The "Canadians" at Rubin's request, and with his help, were instrumental in having the case of, Sam Leslie "The Rose", overturned as well. Lesra graduated with honors from The University Of Toronto, went on to earn his Master's Degree, and then his license to practice law in 1997. There have been comments made about the "Canadians" that are less than flattering, and I claim no special knowledge, but some of the facts are these. They brought Lesra along to where he is today, and he certainly worked very hard for all he accomplished. There were 2 additional young people the Canadians helped, Walter a friend of Lesra's, and a young woman from England who had moved to Toronto. They dedicated themselves financially, and a great number of years of their own lives to a man that Lesra discovered in a book. So what faults they may have would have to be rather monumental to seriously detract from what good they have repeatedly done. Lesra had one brother that was murdered, and another that is in and out of jail. Where would they be if the Canadians or someone else had helped them?
As to this issue of "Black English"; as offensive as some might find that characterization to be, what about the attempt to teach "Ebonics" in this Country?
Gerry Spence recently completed a case where 4 men spent 18 years in prison for a crime they did not commit. One of the men was to be executed, and today January 31, the Governor of Illinois has suspended all executions until reviews are conducted. Gerry Spence got them some walking around money at $9,000,000 each. They will never see that as the appeals courts will knock those numbers to a fraction of what the jury awarded.
Rubin Carter and John Artis got $0.00. To be more precise Mr. Carter received just under $3,000.00 almost 10 years after having been wrongfully interred in the Vroom house of horrors.
On Larry King's show, Judge Sarokin said the "Habeas Corpus" laws have been changed so that he would not have gotten Mr. Carter's case; and even if he had, it would be overturned, Rubin would still be in prison.
After Judge Sarokin made his ruling, New Jersey was not satisfied until they were shot down 14 additional times, in a variety of courts because their case had remained what it always had been, garbage.
Pathetic is not strong enough, but it is comforting to know that when asked about the upcoming movie, Sheriff Edwin J. Englehardt kept up the party line of those involved in New Jersey. Some of his pearls of wisdom were/are, Carter was set free "because of a technicality", the fact he was set free was "a disgrace to the system", and the real gems, "If the movie makes any money, the state should charge Carter $77 a day for the 20 years of free room and board he got while in prison", and "If I could do something to destroy the movie, I would". These statements were made within the past year, comforting are they not?
We hold these truths to be self-evident, that ALL men are created equal............one of the greatest series of typos ever. Please note the Author of the document to which I refer bought, sold, and settled debts with slaves, as did The Father Of Our Country, as did the majority of those men who signed said document. Don't take my word, look it up.
We live in the greatest Country. Greatest and perfect are not the same.
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Leggett's work is important for a number of reasons. Firstly, it is the work of a committed Christian. Christian (or at least evangelical) attitudes to film, in particular horror film, have been ambivalent at best, and Leggett's work, if it gains the popularity it deserves, may challenge Christians to rethink the issues. Secondly, it contributes to a debate about Fisher's work that has probably only really emerged in the last couple of decades, as his right to be seen as more than a maker of B-standard horror movies has been acknowledged. Thirdly, it is the only work (to my knowledge) that examines the religious, mythical and, in particular, specifically Christian, themes in Fisher's work. As such, the book has opened up a new part of the debate.
On the negative side, I would mention a few things. Firstly, the author has a tendency, no doubt because of his own faith, to paint Fisher in evangelical, or at least very conservative/orthodox, stripes, perhaps assuming too close a correlation between the imagery and mythology he chose to structure his stories around and the actual content of Fisher's personal faith. Secondly, at just under two hundred pages (including illustrations), it feels rather brief, and I am sure there is much more the author could have said--and indeed, should say, hopefully in a later volume. Thirdly, I wish the stills had been chosen with more attention to how they amplify or illustrate Leggett's interpretation of Fisher's films, perhaps noting lighting, positioning, imagery, angles etc...