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--Lonnie R. Gardner (Math Teacher)
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This is a thoughtful, caring volume that is so much more than a tribute to a long-gone comic series, although it could be read as that too. One can't help but feel this is a primer on the way more books about popular culture really ought to be written.
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This book is not particularly difficult; it's a bit dry, but what can you expect from a linguistics class? If you read it carefully, you'll have no problem grasping what he is saying... and, when you are done, you will be well on your way to understanding what people like Lacan, Derrida and Foucault are trying to say. (You'll also be well along your way to understanding Claude Levi-Strauss, who attempted to do for anthropology what Saussure did for linguistics). If you want to understand modern philosophy, Saussure is as indispensible as Marx or Freud. Combine this with *Saussure for Beginners* and you'll pick up Saussure's train of thought in no time.
As Foucault said in his work, ¡®The Order of Things¡¯, the history of thoughts is the history of models. For example, the biology, in particular Darwin¡¯s evolutionism, served as model to thoughts of the 19th century: beliefs in progression of Marxism and liberalism drew on the analogy between society and evolution of organism. Functionalism in social sciences also utilized that analogy. The 19th century is the age of biology. The linguistics of that time also took the organic model as the fountain of inspiration: the language is a organic entity which evolves though time. Phoneme and word change, in other word evolve over time. In Saussure¡¯s term, it¡¯s the diachronic aspect of phoneme and word. The linguistics of the 19th century was the history of them. But Saussure contended that phoneme and word have no memory: at any point of ¡®parole (the language in practice)¡¯, each word has only one meaning. In everyday life, etymology doesn¡¯t make sense at all. The reality of language lies not in diachrony but in synchrony. This is the point where Saussure redefined the linguistics: the object of linguistics is not diachronic (or historical) fact but synchronic system (langue, in Saussure¡¯s term).
Phoneme and word make sense not in their own, but against systemic background like grammar. The object of the linguistics is not phoneme or word in practice (parole) but the system that gives meaning them (langue). Phoneme and word have meaning only in the way how they are different from each other. The langue is the system of that difference. Here comes in the very concept of structure that give rise to French structuralism. Structuralism is the thoughts based on the model of language which Saussure redefined, that is the system of difference
Here is an attempt to understand the process outlined in the book. There are two spots where a mental process is taking place: "A", which is somewhere between the "mind" and the mouth, and "B", which is somewhere between the ears and the "mind". We can really only speculate as to the process by which this is done. The next best approach is way to take notice of "WHAT" the process "IS". This is where Saussure and his students are are their finest - both the process in A and the process in B is a pairing between a sound and a concept - A is a process changing concepts into sounds and A is a process changing sounds into concepts. "What is the process by which sound signals are transformed into conceptual information?" This question could be said to be at the very core of just about every sub-discipline in present-day linguistics and Saussure's notion of the "linguistic sign" seems to be the foundational assumption.
The key to understanding Saussure is to view the linguistic sign a process rather than a thing. It is a mental relationship between a sound pattern (Signal) and a concept (Signification). Other literature would say Signifier and Significant - but in keeping to this literature we will stick with Signal and Signification. To Saussure, the "linguistic sign is not a link between a thing and a name, but between a concept and a sound pattern. The sound pattern is not actually a sound; for a sound is something physical. A sound pattern is the hearer's psychological impression of a sound." It is the link between the signal and the signification that comprises the sign. It is not just a relation, but a relation from an abstract entity to an abstact entity. It is easier to understand the abstraction if you take into account that the signal and the signification to be processes rather than things.
Language function in the realm of a community. Saussure takes language, "considered in itself and for its own sake", to be the "only true object of study in linguistics." Okay, then the linguistic sign is a helpful device in explaning language, but it does not represent the wholeness of language, which is the object of study. Here is where the community aspect comes in - "individual, acting alone, is incapable of establishing a value", there should be some larger system to which linguistic signs belong - a framework. Saussure posits that to "think of a sign as nothing more would be to isolate it from the system to which it belongs.
Another key area of consideration that I will not endeavor to explain but count as important for future consideration is the relation of synchronic and diachronic linguistics. Saussure distinguished synchronic linguistics (studying language at a given moment) from diachronic linguistics (studying the changing state of a language over time); he further opposed what he named langue (the state of a language at a certain time) to parole (the speech of an individual). Saussure is foundational in understanding the methods of Structuralist and Post-Structuralist like Claude-Levi Strauss and Michel Foucault. To engage in these realm without having the foundation with Saussure is only making things difficult for yourself. I recommend this book highly.
Miguel Llora
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If you appriciate masterful black & white images you would probably be happy with this book even if you had paid 5 times what this costs!
This book is truly a must-have for anyone who appriciates great photography
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But later, Alejandro learns that gifts given (the garden) makes the gifts received (the company) all the more sweeter.
"Alejandro's Gift" is a quiet book - no need for funny voices or wild antics. It makes a great bed time story or a great "snuggle with your kids on a rainy day" book.
This can also provide a nice way to discuss nature and preservation with your children.
There are lots of interesting things to look at in the illustrations. I read this to a group of school agers and they all enjoyed looking at the pictures and trying to identify all the different animals. We live far away from any desert, so many of these animals were unfamiliar to us.
This is a good book and I definitly recommend it.
Author Richard E. Albert wrote pulp Westerns in his younger days and wrote "Alejandro's Gift," his first book for children, when he was eighty-three years old. What he has written is a book that is as much about living in harmony with nature as it is about the importance of friendship. The detailed illustrations by Sylvia Long show an understanding of both animals and the great outdoors. The back of this book contains an illustrated list of the over two-dozen animals who enjoy "Alejandro's Gift." Since most of them are not identified during the telling of the story, this will allow young readers to go back and identify everything from the Arizona Pocket Mouse to the White-Throated Wood Rat. However, be warned: if your children live anywhere near nature, where animals are frequent visitors to your backyard, then do not be surprised if they suddenly want to do something special after reading this book.
When Alejandro plants a vegetable garden, his home is soon visited by small animals who drink from his irrigation furrows. Delighted by the appearance of these creatures, Alejandro conceives a project on a slightly larger scale.
The realistic illustrations of this book are full of life. The animals and plants, as well as Alejandro himself, are captured beautifully. Alejandro's gentleness, thoughtful nature, and hard-working spirit are wonderfully brought to life. The pictures and text together offer a good message about respect for nature.
The book ends with a short "mini-encyclopedia" that names and illustrates animals and plants of the southwestern United States: mesquite, saguaro cactus, the sage sparrow, the collared peccary, and more. An educational and heartwarming book.
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Makes you want to go out and pound steel.
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There are 4 books in the series, this is the first, I highly recomed the others.
Her most recent book, 'Eye To Eye' is also excellent!!
Catherine Jinks is the finest author for this age group around.
This book is the only thing ever coming close to an autobiography that Einstein ever wrote. Needless to say, offers of money and prizes were offered to him, unlike the millions offered to ex-U.S. presidents to write a book. He never accepted any of these offers. The only offer he accepted was from Professor Schilpp to write an intellectual autobiography of himself.
Incredible and Timeless is only ways to describe this book. Einstein labels as his "obituary", for a man who was considered the "Person of the Century" by Time Magazine.
Friends, his own "obituary" in his own hand is a worthy read and cost of the book. It is not a "personal" life but his "thinking" on science and of course on physics. We all know the two great theories of physical was created in the early 20th. century: the theory of relativity and quantum mechanics. Einstein alone created relativity and was also one of the founders of the quantum theory. We also know now that Einstein never accepted quantum theory till the end.
Here, Einstein fully describes the failure of classical mechanics and the rise of the electromagnetic field, the theory of relativity and of the quanta.
Of note, Einstein's "Evolution of Physics" is a general lay discussion of the same issues. This is Einstein's technical discussion of the evolution of physics.
"When I was a fairly precocious young man the nothingness of the hopes and strivings which chases most men restlessly through life came to my consciousness with considerable vitality" This comment alone is worth price of the book.
The essays sections includes writing of the great scientist of the 20th century. We only read about them in textbook but here they are in their own words: Niels Bohr, Louis De Broglie, Arnold Sommerfeld, Max Born, Kurt Godel, Hans Reichenbach and Wolfgang Pauli. One only sees their picture in physics textbooks.
This book really belongs in all who are professional scientists or are interested in science. Unlike Newton "Principia" or Darwin's "The Origin of Species" Einstein papers are scattered everyone. This is the only definitive book on Einstein by Einstein himself.
Moreover, it is a scholarly and scientific book, so it should last for a long time and of value to all future generations.