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LUIS MENDEZ luismendez@codetel.net.do
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Minimal access surgery has revolutionized and revitalized general surgery. The extent and range of minimal access surgery has been extended over the past 5 years, although a number of controversial areas remain. The reader of this outstanding textbook will learn various techniques in minimal access surgery, providing evidence of the importance of this new modality. Contemporary controversies, such as laparoendoscopic surgery for large and small bowel (including neoplastic disease), are discussed.
I encourage all general surgeons to read this book and experience the future's surgery, today!
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The vile, venal Morris (see Eye of the Fleet & Brig of War) rears his ugly head again, but with no apparent agenda in mind, other than the recovery of several thousands of specie. But his presence on board, along with his catamite, greatly disturbs Nat, as well as Mr.Q and Tregembo, wondering when and how he will wreak the revenge he has sworn on Nat.
Sabotage, treachery, kidnap and torture follow as the depths of Morris's depravity become horrifically clear, revealing more would be a spoiler.
As usual, excellent descriptions and tension-building make the pages fly by - and there are the author's notes to add plausability to the tale.
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The book's modest size (and attractive cover art, I should add) may be an advantage in this regard. While intellectual purists might still prefer a tome, many people prefer a small book with essentialized information. A Woman's Self-Esteem is a good example in this regard.
Most of the book's chapters are expanded versions of articles Branden published in New Woman magazine in the early 90s. While many of the book's themes will of course apply to men as well as women, Branden's primary focus is on the challenges facing women: How to embrace their own strengths when doing so may not be fashionable, how to be assertive in a job or in a relationship, how to keep appropriate boundaries.
As with his other books on self-esteem, Branden devotes the first several chapters to summarizing his overall theory, and I found these to be among his most elegant summaries ever. Although I personally enjoyed the book as a whole, one mild disappointment for me was the chapter on "Embracing Our Strengths." Here Branden addresses the difficulty some women experience in finding the will and inspiration to assert their own intelligence and individuality. He addresses a number of helpful issues in this regard, but fails to mention the powerful function of good art. Since he is well aware of the role of art in inspiring heroic behavior, I found this omission puzzling.
Ayn Rand admirers will find interesting the last chapter of the book, which is a reprint of Branden's essay "Was Ayn Rand a Feminist?" from the anthology Feminist Interpretations of Ayn Rand (co-edited by Chris Sciabarra and Mimi Gladstein). Branden concludes the essay: "Where did Ayn Rand stand with respect to feminism (a term she never liked)? A feminism that sees woman at her best as a heroic figure will find support and validation in Rand's writings. A feminism that defines woman as victim and man as her evil oppressor will see Rand as the enemy -- because Rand sees woman not as weak but as strong, and because Rand sees romantic love between man and woman as an expression and celebration of their esteem for each other as well as their esteem for themselves."
One major yardstick for judging a book such as this one is the extent to which is encourages people (and women in particular) who might never do so to think deeply and clearly about the role of self-esteem in their own life. It seems to me the book will be very useful in this regard.
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Fairy tales and fantasy stories are more popular now than ever, with the likes of Harry Potter and The Lord Of The Rings storming the best-seller lists and box offices of the world simultaneously. Everyone seems to want a piece of the action. A cynic would say this novel attempts to jump on that bandwagon. After all, its full of mystical creatures like leprechauns and trolls, and the central character is a schoolboy. Artemis is no Harry Potter though. He's more like a young Slippery Jim Di Griz, science fiction writer Harry Harrison's Stainless Steel Rat, but with less technology. Unlike the Stainless Steel Rat though, Artemis Fowl is really not a likable character. His entire scheme is driven by greed, and his servant, Butler, does much of the hard work. At times, it's hard to resist hoping Fowl's adversaries will beat him. Instead of coming across as a loveable scamp, he's more like a know all spoiled brat.
The real stars of this story though, are the People. The People live underground, where the Mud People (that's us) can not find them. The People are magical and more technologically advanced than surface dwellers, and they value their peace and quiet. Artemis disturbs them, forcing Lower Elements Police recon (LEPrecon), a crack special operations group of elves, into action. LEPrecon seem to run a little like the stereotypical movie police force- a red faced commander who shouts a lot, a heroic renegade much of the action focuses on, and a supporting cast of well intentioned but bumbling supporting characters. Oh, and there is a wise cracking technological genius who happens to be a centaur. Other mythical creatures, like trolls, goblins and dwarves feature in the story, adding much comic flavour.
The story as a whole is a mix of science fiction, fantasy, and a little social commentary. As an added bonus, there's a secret code, supposedly the language of the People, running across the bottom of every page in the book. Apart from the character flaws of young Artemis, this book is an excellent read, fast paced and entertaining with an original spin on mythology.
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One of the major themes throughout the book is science technology. When Victor creates the monster, he is challenging science, and therefore challenging God. When the creature awakes, Victor realizes that he has just done a "horrible" thing. He is disgusted with the thing he created, which led him to feel extreme guilt and compete rejection of the monster. Is it science that led him to self destruction? Shelly wonders how far will technological advances go before a man becomes too dependent on technology? Science destroys his life because the monster dominates him, and Victor winds up being a slave to his own creation.
What was also interesting about the novel was how Shelly made the reader feel sympathetic for the monster. After all aren't we supposed to hate this thing? She portrayed the creature as a "normal human", showing love and affection. The creature's ugliness deterred anyone from coming close to him, and made him feel like an outsider. This rejection from society made the monster sad and helpless. His only revenge was to engage in destruction. This is when the "real" monster is created. After reading parts of the novel I felt bad for the monster, in a way I never thought I would.
Although slow paced, Mary Shelly's style of writing will allow you to take on different dimensions and force you to develop your own profound ideas about the topics discussed in the novel. I think Frankenstein is a great Romantic classic for anyone who has a imagination.
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His longing for love, especially from Victor, was so painful that it became difficult for me to read. I kept hoping he'd find someone to show him the littlest bit of kindness. His turn to violence is entirely understandable, and Victor's irresponsibility toward his creation is despicable. Victor, who is outwardly handsome but cowardly and cruel, is the story's true monster.
In addition to writing a captivating story, Shelley raises many social issues that are still relevant today, nearly 200 years later, and the book provides a superb argument against *ever* cloning a human being.
(Note: I have the edition with the marvelous woodcut illustrations by Barry Moser and the Joyce Carol Oates afterword - superb!)
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When Rand began an affair with Branden, they both naively felt it would not affect their marriages (!) nor the functioning of the burgeoning Objectivist movement and the Nathanial Branden Institute. However, the idealism and fascination of a young man for his exciting mentor was ultimately not enough to base an emotionally satisfying relationship between a man and a woman 25 years his senior. Branden wished to withdraw; Rand felt her self worth threatened by a younger, more beautiful woman.
The resulting firestorm of recrimination by Rand against the Brandens was first rumored about, then exposed over a number of years in several books, one by Barbara Branden (The Passion of Ayn Rand) and this book by Branden. How could someone who was so passionate being coldly objective about facts AND emotions go so wildly off-course? Some of the answers, according to Branden as he saw it and experienced it, are here in this book.
What is NOT here is rather surprising from a noted psychologist, such as Branden is today. An in-depth analysis of the logic of Rand's fury is only sketchily guessed at, the logic of emotions as kind of a weather-report about the ego is not much dealt with. And Branden scarcely deals with his own duality in idealizing the woman he's with (either Rand or his wife) with the woman he truly wants (Patrecia.) Nor does he deal in much depth with Rand's monumental ability to deny reality when it pleased her or her form of intellectual bullying; shouting and cold, vindictive fury as a way to intimidate are surprising from someone who knew an ad-hominem attack from a logical argument and would not hesitate to call it out. I would have been interested in an examination of the psychology of this as Branden could have analysed it. But that isn't in this book either. However...if you want the story from Branden's viewpoint, this is a must-read.
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Branden begins the story as a 14 year-old boy whose life is changed by reading the FOUNTAINHEAD. Six Years later Branden would meet the author and their meeting would began a friendship-affair that would last 17 years. In Branden, Rand found a person who truly understood and could champion her unique views. Their philosophical chats evolved into Branden spearheading a series of New York City lectures. The lectures would become such that their influence spread across the country. During this time, Rand published her masterpiece ATLAS SHRUGGED. She also dubbed Branden her intellectual heir and began a love affair that would eventually ruin everything.
But Ayn was 25 years older than the randy Nathan Branden. Nathan's eyes wandered to a veritable knockout of a student (Patrecia) and they began having a thing. Even the most devoted followers of Rand will understand Branden's dilemma when they see the young girl's modelesque photo.
As you can guess, Rand wasn't too happy with Branden's scorn. The irony is that her philosophy doesn't allow a person to rationally protest a dissolution. According to objectivism, Branden shouldn't be made to live his life for another person, even if that person is the godmother of objectivism. It's nothing new for a philosopher to live less than the ideals of his/her belief, but somewhat disappointing that the idealistic Rand would fall short.
You may want to read the book because you love Rand or hate her, but you'll enjoy Branden's frank and well-written account of their relationship regardless of your preconceived notions. I also liked that the memoir offers a history of the molding of objectivism. These were the days that Rand was expanding on her views and putting them in nonfiction written form. A lot of to like in this short history.
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Primarily, the book is altered so that Branden's associates from the period covered by the book are shown in somewhat more positive light. Allan Blumenthal, for instance, is no longer a quite conventional mama's boy; Barbara Branden is less clingy and shows up as a more autonomous individual. Her numerous affairs reported in the first edition are trimmed to a much smaller number.
Surprisingly, Barbara Branden is reported to have developed the concept 'psycho-epistemology', perhaps the key to Rand's aesthetics. This single fact should end any notion that Objectivism is all the ideas that Ayn Rand came up with and nothing else.
Nathaniel Branden is less self-aggrandizing in this edition, and he takes more of the blame for his failed first marriage and the personal disaster for many Objectivists which he helped cause. The portrait of Ayn Rand herself is little changed, which would make us wonder why bother with the second edition until we remember that this is not a biography of Rand but a memoir by Branden.
All in all, the book tells a fascinating story, and tells it rather better and more fairly than the first edition. But the changes, while interesting, are generally not radical and readers of the first edition should bear this in mind before they buy the current version. Those who have not read the first edition should definitely find this book of interest; it tells the very self-conscious story of a man, three women, loves of people, ideas, and their interrelationships, and how a something like a cult is formed and destroyed.
This is not a "historical" sea-faring novel like the Nathaniel Drinkwater series by Woodman or the Aubrey and Maturin series by O'Brien. The book is most likely set in the 1980s since there is an AIDS reference and Hong Kong is still under British control. The story tells of the lives of seamen in the British Merchant Navy as it declines.
Richard Woodman, from the information in the book, has been a sailor for a large part of his life. His detailed descriptions of the ship show you his familiarity. Also, his portrayal of the characters will remind you of past shipmates (if you have worked and lived on a boat as I have). We all know the war-veteran skipper, MacKinnon, and the ne'er-do-well MacGregor.
There are some logical problems with the novel though. First, the ship goes through a typhoon and finds itself in the eye of the storm. This would mean that the crew must pass back through the storm, but this never happens. Second, a window is shattered by the storm and someone is injured. The window is never repaired, and there is no mention of the after-effects (like wind or noise). Lastly, the navigation is mostly dead reckoning and celestial fixes. I would think that a modern novel would mention other sources (like Loran or Omega). These may be petty, but they are noticeable.
Regardless of these errors, this is still an engaging and nostalgic read. I could easily see myself reading more books by Woodman, just as I would recommend that you should read this one.