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Essays on topics related to the subject are preceded by text written by the editor and exhibit curator, Cornelia Homberg, ("Vincent van Gogh's Avant-Garde Strategies"). Homberg suggests the 'petit boulevard' was both an avant garde artistic movement following the Impressionists and an actual commercial location in Paris at the end of the 19th Century. The Exhibit featured works by members of the avant garde group (Van Gogh, Gauguin, Seurat, Signac, Pissaro, Toulous-Latrec, Anquetin, Bernard and others "petit" artists).
Homberg challenges the notion that Vincent van Gogh always worked alone and that his art was a "one-off" as other critics have suggested. She says Van Gogh was a member of an artists colony located in the vicinity rue Lepic where he lived with his brother Theo (Montmartre area), that he may have coined the phrase "Petit Boulevard" (he discussed it with Theo in their letters following his removal to Arles), and he saw himself as a leader of this innovative group (which he hoped to bring to Arles as a "brotherhood" of artists).
In his essay entitled "The Cultural Geography of the Petit Boulevard" Richard Thomas describes the material dimensions of the place and time within which the "petit boulevard" artists worked. He describes the "off-off-Broadway/Bourbon Street" atmosphere of the bohemian artistic community -- a proletarian territory dominated by factories, caberets, taverns, le circque, brothels, and other down scale establishments (Chat Noir, Molin Rouge) where 'decadent iconograpy' was born. He says artists such as Toulouse Latrec, Steinlin, Willith, and others developed commercial prints depicting this mileau.
In the third essay, Elizabeth Childs describes the escape of Gauguin and Seurat to Pont Aven and Van Gogh to Arles following their Paris adventures. Here the artists hoped to reconnect with the timeless cycles of nature and leave the crass, commercial, class-ridden city behind. Childs says once Gauguin reached Pont Aven, the Celtic Catholic nature of Brittany spurred Gauguin to develop a medieval stain-glass cloisonnist style of art. She contrasts Gauguin's work with Van Gogh's 'rural' art which he based on a love of Japanese prints (by Hiroshege and others) and what he fancied to be Japanese culture, as well as the Barbizon style which included Daumier and Millet. In the last essay, John House discusses landscapes by Van Gogh (who influenced by his Dutch predecessor Rembrandt and the French Millet) as well as other artists of the period including Gauguin.
The book is filled beautiful reproductions of the paintings and other works included in the Exhibit (prints and photographs of the various items of art, the people involved, and the places they lived and worked). Sadly, one would have to do quite a bit of traveling to recapitulate the Exhibit, and then the synergistic effect would be missing. On the other hand, the book is a solid testament to the art that followed Impressionism. Although I had seen many of the paintings in their home museums (National Gallery, Chicago Art Institute, D'Orsay, Van Gogh Museum, etc.) I had not seen some of the works in private hands, nor the photographs of the period. This book is a valuable addition to my collection.
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An Apology... is a retelling of the Faustus legend (most often known in the works of Goethe and Marlowe). Faustus, in all versions, is the story of a scholar and scientist who finds he can achieve more and become infinitely wise if he summons the devil to be his servant. In this Faustus he is repentant, and on the day of his death, he is sent to a small group of strangers to say goodbye and apologize for not keeping a better diary detailng his days with the devil. At times it is hilarious (he comes back from a 7-11 several years in our future and presents us with "Budweisers", "In those days to come they call this beer the King"), yet it also hits notes of dramatic brilliance. Faustus must settle with dying and leaving only an apology, as "no God or demon ever apologized to anybody for anything".
The Hunchback Variations is written in the form of Mamet's Duck Variations, only here it is a recurring radio-style panel discussion led by The Hunchback of Notre Dame and Ludwig Von Beethoven. The arrive to discuss their failed attempt to re-create the stage direction in Anton Chekov's Cherry Orchard- "suddenly a distant sound is heard, coming as if out of the sky, like the sound of a string snapping, slowly and sadly dying away". The same spanse in time is presented in 11 versions, each revealing more about the collaboration and the friendship once shared between the hunchback and Ludwig.
It is very lucky that a local small press has gotten this printed and even more lucky that it is presented here so people anywhere can have access to it. If you love the theater or perform it yourself, this is the kind of new work that will shock you and your friends with it's value. Don't let it remain obscure to the world and your own tastes, it has a home in any collection.
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