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Fursenko and Naftali have done an admirable and thorough job detailing the rise of Castro and Cuban-American-Soviet relations during that period. It was overdue, since classics such as Graham Allison's Essence of Decision did not have the benefit of access to Soviet archives. The one criticism I have is that the authors almost overwhelm you with facts at the expense of interpretation. I didn't, for example, get a good sense of exactly why Fidel threw his lot in with the Soviets back in '60 when it was clear Moscow intended to keep Cuba going as a sugar colony--only at less than world prices!
(...)
I have read several books on Hitler. The least useful ones are the high profile date and name books by Bullock and Kershaw and I advise the reader without academic motivation to avoid them as too dry or making shallow interpretations of the man. In fact one can only wonder at the whole business of making books by only reading books, in comparison to eyewitness testimony of Toland interviews.
Nevertheless, despite the books biographical use this is not quite a work of psychological explanation and I strongly recommend George Victor's "Hitler: the search for the origins of his evil", a book I have complete confidence in, to supplement a basic command of Hitler biography like this. My criticism of Toland's book therefore is that it may well be longer than is necessary for your needs of studying men over events, but it has plenty of early Hitler biography and is more reliable than a shorter work of the ironic and entertaining Robert Payne.
Though daunting at over 100 pages, Toland has a good stroytelling touch, making the book quite readble. Toland thoroughly chronicles Hitler's life, from his abused upbrining, through his service in the First World War, to his rise as a young politician, and finally his seizure of power and all the evil that followed. The book is generously sprinkled with photographs and other illustratins to help the reader.
Overall, an outstanding historical biography that is as monumental as its subject.
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As much as the book makes an important statement of the political and social conditions of the era, it is also a wonderful work of literature. In a direct, spare style, the author goes through the minutiae of daily life from the perspective of one man, the title character who is mostly called Shukhov in the book. Like the other prisoners, Shukhov is not in for crime as we define it in America; his crime was to have been unlucky enough during World War II to be taken as a POW. Another prisoner's crime was to have received a small token of appreciation after the war from a British soldier. The brutalities they experience in their prison are not those commonly associated with contemporary American incarceration. Insufficient clothing, insufficient food and insufficient bedding in a remote arctic setting are just the beginning. They have nothing else. Work on building a "community" is only called off if the temperature goes lower than 42 degrees below zero. The men are given insufficient tools and supplies but are expected under threat to complete the building process in record time. On the one hand, the author writes, your worst enemy is the man next to you because you are both scrambling for the same meager scraps. At the same time, though, the dynamics of the system require that you give your allegiance to the gang. Many of the boss jobs are given to prisoners which yields another revelation about Stalin's world: the wall between prisoner and paid staff was very thin. Another: in the brief flashbacks of life outside the prison, there are struggles and inadequacies as well, no one has it easy. And another: the prisoners have one advantage that no one else in the USSR has, the freedom to communicate candidly without threat; what else can be done to those already living the life of punishment? At the end of the day, Shukhov is thrilled: he has caged a few extra scraps of food during the day and did nothing that would cause him to be thrown into solitary confinement of which he is most afraid.
My chief test of fiction is, does the author create an airtight world, using it to explicate universal truths of the human condition? ONE DAY IN THE LIFE OF IVAN DENISOVICH succeeds brilliantly. It is very readable, much like THE OLD MAN AND THE SEA, and while it profiles a terrible life, it also emits a spirituality that arises from the specter of men who find something to be grateful for at the end of the day, even if it is an extra crust of stale bread or the fact that in the last 24 hours, they did nothing, however innocently, however not their own fault, that would get them sent to solitary confinement.
Solzhenitsyn's message is clear. Humility is easily stripped away under oppressive regimes, and survival becomes the end game. Only the strongest can hope to retain their dignity, and even they will eventually lose that battle as the years go by. "One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich" is a great intro to Russian literature, and a poignant account of post-war life in a Stalinist gulag.
day which the people,who died yesterday, desperately hoped to
see. We should be fully aware of the value of "one day" reading
this book.
This book describes the overall life in a jail, which is not
better or worse than that of other prisoners. As Ivan is the
most common name of Russia, his life in the jail is as ordinary
as his name. Those who have never been to Russia or read the
contemporary literature might say that the story is too
exagerated. However nothing is a lie of false. This is the
actual life that any Russian prisoner would have overcome at
the time.
All fight for their own life:food. Prisoners are eager to
steal others' bread or soup by instinct in order to survive.
Their goal is to eat as much as possible just to get out of the
jail alive. And that is their life at the same time. The
struggle for a piece-not a loaf-of bread is the survival fight.
It is definitely not because they hate each other or so.
Besides, although the atmosphere is always tense and
oppressed, those prisoners do keep their conscience and care
for others. Perhaps what Dostoevsky tried to tell is that under
the worst circumstances do people still have their own dignity
and humanity. However, we seem to lose them in this very
comfortable and wealthier world.
One day may be very short for ordinary people yet it is so
precious to others, such as to prisoners. While reading, I,
time to time, thought, 'how come a day is so long that it takes
a whole book to describe it?' But as soon as finishing it, I
was surprised that somebody's day could be felt so short to me.
My professor assigned homework in Russian Literature lecture;to
describe 5 or 10 minites from my day. My 5 minutes were
drastically long to write.
In this book hides human breath and dignity, even though it
merely seems to show the horrible, harsh life in jail.
Regardless how hard the conditions are, people would not lose
the dignity that Solzhenitsyn taught us from this book.
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