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cannot retract your words. -Chinese proverb
The analysis of public address is one of the oldest sources of human communication studies. Many students encounter the study of rhetoric in public speaking classes where they are focusing on preparing their own speeches. They learn to make clear presentations, logical arguments and how to perfect their delivery techniques. By studying rhetoric, it is possible to develop individual communication skills.
In selecting the speeches for this volume, the editors were guided by a commitment to the Isocratean perspective and have attempted to bring together instances of rhetorical practices which represent the height of rhetorical culture.
"As an art, public speaking, or rhetoric as the ancients called it, is measured and evaluated generally in terms of the ideal forms through which it produces wisdom; as a political practice, however, it is measured and evaluated in terms of the material power or effect that it wields over the audiences who attend to it." -LMB/JLL
The first set of speeches have important implications for contemporary American society as the genetic foundation of rhetorical culture. This section offers speeches drawn from the Greek, Roman, and Judeo-Christian rhetorical traditions. They include:
Oratory in Classical Antiquity: Pericles (Funeral Oration), Gorgias of Leontini (Encomium on Helen), Lysias (Against Eratosthenes), Demosthenes (The Second Philippic), Marcus Tullius Cicero (the First Catilinarian), Moses (The Decalogue), Jesus of Nazareth (Sermon On The Mount) and St. Augustine (Sermon on The Lord's Prayer).
In Pericles's Funeral Oration, there is an expression of ideological principles like "the good of the many vs. the good of the one," that are as important today as they were in the fourth century B.C.E. These speeches also help students to develop a critical , historical perspective on the thetorical foundations of contemporary society than it has to do with understanding the cultures of classical antiquity.
The second set of speeches come from the Golden Age of Oratory and these speeches deal with individual freedom. They include speeches by:
Martin Luther (I'll Take My Stand), Peter Wentworth (On the Liberties of Commons), Queen Elizabeth I (To the Troops at Tilbury & The Golden Speech), Jonathan Edwards (Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God), James Otis (Writs of Assistance), William Pitt (The Right of Taxing America), Edmund Burke (Two Speeches to the Electors at Bristol), John Hancock (The Bostom Massacre Oration), Patrick Henry (Liberty or Death), George Washington (First Inaugural Address), Thomas Jefferson (First Inaugural Address), Sagoyewatha (Speech to the Council of Chiefs of the Six Nations), Daniel Webster (Bunker Hill Memorial Oration), Maria W. Steward (Lecture Delivered at the Franklin Hall), Ralph Waldo Emerson (The American Scholar), Wendell Phillips (The Murder of Lovejoy), Angelina Grimke (Address at Pennsylvania Hall), Sojourner Truth (Ain't I A Woman), Frederick Douglass (What, To the Slave, Is The Fourth of July?), Chief Seattle (Our People are Ebbing Away Like a Rapidly Receding Tide), Abraham Lincoln (A House Divided, Gettysburg Address & First and Second Inaugural Address) and Robert Toombs (On Secession).
Then there is a third section on Oratory in the Modern Era which includes speeches by:
Russell Conwell (Acres of Diamonds), Henry Grady (The New South), Elizabeth Cady Stanton (Solitude of Self), Booker T. Washington (Atlanta Exposition Address), Albert Beveridge (The Star of Empire), Woodrow Wilson (Declaration of War), Emma Goldman (Address To The Jury), Eugene V. Debs (Address To The Jury, and Statement To The Court), State of Tennessee V. John T. Scopes, Franklin Delano Roosevelt (First Inaugural Address), Huey P. Long (Every Man A King), Adolf Hitler (Germany Demands Its Rights & The Invasion of Poland), Sir Winston Spencer Churchill (The War Situation & Alliance of English-Speaking People), Margaret Chase Smith (Declaration of Conscience), Richard Milhous Nixon (My Side of The Story), Dwight David Eisenhower (Farewell Address). These speeches chart a transformation in the practice of public speaking and address a number of key public issues confronting Americans during this time period from a variety of perspectives.
The last section includes Oratory in Contemporary America by John Fitzgerald Kennedy (Inaugural Address, 1961 & A Moral Crisis, 1963), George Corley Wallace (First Gubernatorial Inaugural Address, 1963), Martin Luther King, Jr. (I Have a Dream), Malcolm X (The Ballot or The Bullet), Lynndon Baines Johnson (Gulf of Tonkin Speech, 1964), Betty Friedan (The Crisis in Women's Identity), Cesar Estrada Chavez (The March 10th Speech), Robert Francis Kennedy (Speeches on the Assassination of the Rev. Martin Luther King, Jr.), John V. Lindsay (Vietnam Moratorium Address), Richard Milhous Nixon (Cambodia & Resignation Speech) Barbara Jordon (Statement of the Articles of Impeachment & Democratic Convention Keynote Address), Gerald R. Ford (Pardon of Richard M. Nixon) Ronald Reagan (First Inaugural Address & Eulogy of the Challenger Astronauts), Mario Cuomo (Democratic Convention Keynote Address), Geraldine Ferraro (Acceptance Speech), Jesse Jackson (Common Ground and Common Sense), George Bush (Acceptance Speech & War Message), Elizabeth Glaser and Mary Fisher (AIDS: Personal Story I and II).
Each speech is introduced with a head note that includes a general discussion of the historical and symbolic context of the speech. Relevant biographical information about the speaker is also included. One fourth of the book contains Speech Criticism Sheets where the reader can consider the content of the speeches, draw their own conclusions and record their thoughts.
Some of the questions include:
1.What is the occasion for this speech?
2. Identify the Speaker. What might the audience(s) for this speech have known about the speaker's ethos-public character or past behaviors-that might affect its willingness to trust or identify with the speaker?
3. What specific beliefs, values, or other collective experiences and/or commitments define the audience(s) for the speech?
4. What is the speaker's goal or intention for this speech?
5. Why might the speaker have assumed in advance that the approach adopted in the speech would be effective in achieving his/her goal?
Enjoyable to read with a highlighter in hand
to highlight various quotes of note or you can analyze
the speeches by using the Criticism Sheets.
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Some of the tribes understandably receive more coverage than others, because little was known about them at the time. For example, the Wappo and Washo Indians only have four and half pages each in the book, but the Yokuts section has 70 pages, but this is understandable given the original publication date of 1925 by the U.S. Government Printing Office. Since then, our knowledge of many of the tribes has become significantly greater, or at least less sketchy, but you'll have to consult other sources for that.
One notable thing about the book is the photos of various individuals, most of which could probably not be obtained today--such as the picture of the "Karok man in warrior custume in rod armor and helmut," or the "Hupa (man) measuring dentalium money against tattoos on his forearm," two truly quite striking photographic portrayals.
Despite its deficiencies (which are still modest considering how old it is), this still ranks as the best compendium of knowledge about California Indians, and one of the greatest ethnographies ever written.
On a personal note, I thought I'd mention I had Kroeber's son, Ted, as my psychological statistics professor at San Francisco State back in the mid-70's. Although I never had the opportunity to meet the father, Ted was a really cool psych. prof., and I enjoyed his class. He said his father would often tell him and his sister Ursula (Ursula LeGuin, who became a famous science fiction author), stories about the Indians when they were children, and he would occasionally regale us with stories about his famous father in class, which helped to break up the necessary discipline and technical rigors of a statistics class.
Though some of the information has been corrected by subsequent researchers (checking Kroeber's work against more recent publications is reasonable), the Handbook remains useful to anyone who wants an overview or details about the numerous peoples who inhabited the state before the coming of the Spanish in 1769.
Where Kroeber is sketchiest is, of course, where the peoples had been exterminated before his investigations began shortly after the turn of the century. His work on the Yokuts and the Mojave, on the other hand, is extensive and helps us to understand some of the culture of their now missing neighbors. He has left no people unaccounted for. Thanks to this volume, interest in the California Indians has been stimulated for all time and with that interest has come a desire to preserve.
All California history lovers and anthropologists need this book on their shelves.
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We need more children's books like this.
Through ear pleasing rhyme and informative vocabulary, the reader follows Ida's quest for popularity with the town's folk. Only through being herself does Ida find true happiness. What better way to teach young people about acceptance in today's seemingly foreboding world?
Great book for fostering phonemic awareness in preschool children and teaching the literary element of theme to students of all ages. A must for character education instruction!
Definitely a 5 star book whose popularity is sure to rival the classics of old.
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Let this confessionary review stand as a warning to young influential readers and as a testament to the undeniability of this novels strange powers which I've no doubt will work its fascinations on seekers of great and experimental literary works for centuries to come. How such an immense secret of a work as profound as Witkiewicz's INSATIABILITY has held its breath for so long can only give multiple births to conspiracy theories. When this novel breaks its silence it will be as if a ravenous serial-killer were loosed in your hometown.
I cannot recommend a greater novel in all literary history, of which I am an dedicated adventurous servitor; yet I do so warily, all too well aware of the repurcussions that may be heaped upon me for abandoning moral principles in spreading out the darkness so many have actually thought was the light.
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Incidentally, it's never too late to learn.
This is an interesting, easy to read, informative book. Positive and full of good ideas. It dispels for once and for all the myth that some of us are born with a sense of humor and some are not. The author shows that this is not true. Everybody, especially kids, can learn to develop, and use, their sense of humor. Great examples and practices as well as interesting websites are chronicled. Exceptional children are also taken into consideration. As the author says, "exceptional kids like to laugh too." Don't we all.
This book would be a wonderful guideline for teachers who want to incorporate humor in the classroom. And as teachers are role models for children this is an excellent place to develop this skill.
Kids Who Laugh is written in an easy and witty style and it is apparent that Dr. Franzini has an excellent sense of humor himself.
I would recommend this book to every parent who thinks that laughter in life is important.
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This treasury consists of complete stories as well as excerpts from classic books such as Winnie the Pooh, the Wizard of Oz and Alice in Wonderland. It has variety of genres -- Aesops fables, Grimm's fairy tales, stories from the Arabian nights, as well as more contemporary work. One of my favorites, Turn on the Night, is a great story to help soothe children who are scared of the dark.
Additionally, the book is filled with wonderful illustrations. Each story has its own style, so there is something new and interesting on each page (almost).
I highly recommend this book for good readers in the early elementary grades and for all middle grade elementary readers. I enjoyed it much longer as a child, but it is sure to be appreciated by those grades.