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John Henry Newman (1801-1890) deserves a far wider non-specialist readership than he now enjoys. Once England hung on his every word: whether sermon, philosophy, church history, poetry, apologetics, satire or controversy. He does not lack for professional readers who take up formidable masterpieces such as APOLOGIA PRO VITA SUA, THE IDEA OF A UNIVERSITY, ARIANS OF THE FOURTH CENTURY or A GRAMMAR OF ASSENT.
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LOSS AND GAIN may well be the easiest and best place for non-specialists to begin with myriad-minded John Henry Newman. It is a novel about Oxford and fleshes out Newman's belief that students form their deepest convictions from their discussions with one another and not from teachers. It is also a novel very much like a Platonic dialog that presents and wrestles with various theories of why intelligent young men are either content to stay with their inherited personal faith or are moved to seek another.
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LOSS AND GAIN covers six years in the life of Charles Reding (pronounced READing) and his interactions with family, teachers, tutors and fellow students of various Oxford University colleges about which of the Christian denominations and trends in England of the 1840s had greatest claim to be taken seriously and to teach the truth. Problems debated are perennial since the Reformation: is there a visible church? Does it have authority to teach definitively? What is faith? What is reason's role in reaching faith? Who needs a Pope?
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A tutor's systematic lectures on the 39 Articles of the established Church of England, interpreted by the hero as mere 16th Century "articles of peace," a doctrinal hodgepodge of Roman Catholicism, Zwingli, Luther and Calvin, leaves an increasingly troubled Reding shaken in his inherited trust in his clergyman father's simple faith in the Church of England. Some of his Anglo-Catholic friends play at re-establishing Catholic practices without the Roman Catholic beliefs behind them. Others move towards rationalism and Unitarianism. Others yet are caught up in the emotional but action-oriented and society-transforming Evangelicalism of the age.
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In the end Charles (like Newman after a 12 year struggle) opted to become Roman Catholic, thereby losing his right to take an Oxford degree, and alienating friends and family alike. He gained, he judged, truth and peace.
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The debates of Oxford in the 1840s go on today in America and elsewhere. Recently converted himself to the Church of Rome, Newman pokes fun at the frequent shallowness and selfish career seeking that an Establishment of (the wrong) religion inevitably promotes. He also lovingly enlivens a bygone time at Oxford University where until very recently he had himself been the foremost leader of the Oxford Movement to reform the Church of England in a Catholic but non-Papal direction. Had he persuaded in TRACTS FOR THE TIMES # 90 even one Anglican bishop of the correctness of his Catholic interpretation of the 39 Articles, very likely neither Newman nor hundreds of others would have so suddenly gone over to Rome.
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The book has color, humor, religious insight and respect for individual consciences. Charles Reding exemplifies Newman's belief that God leads each person of good will at an individual, unforced, respectful pace from his or her inherited religion toward ever closer union with Himself. He who first tastes Newman through reading LOSS AND GAIN will not be disappointed and will reach out for more and more of his works, both verse and prose.
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The book is filled with fantastic photographs! The elegant photographs of his work (going back to the 50's) are magnificent. It is an art in itself to photograph sculpture, and I am sorry to say that my search for the photographer's name ended in frustration. He or she deserves a lot of credit.
There are also wonderful snapshots from Neri's life, with many nice photos of the artist with second wife Joan Brown (see Tsujimoto, Karen: The Art of Joan Brown). It's a real slice of an exciting era in west coast art: the 50's, 60's and 70's.
What Neri has done for figurative art covers a greater scope than that of the San Francisco Bay Area, yet he is firmly part of the Bay Area figurative tradition. All the contributors speak of the atmosphere into which Neri arrived as an art student, but particularly Beardsly places him in a unique, thriving artists' society. He does this by writing about how Neri's relationships with Joan Brown and Mark DeSuvero impacted his work; their images live and breathe with profundity in certain of Neri's sculptures (shown with the text).
The book is divided in two: the artist's work and the artist's life; both are compelling enough, it would have been unwise to mix them. The book is very well organized.
Neri's work may at first appear too rough to the eye that only knows Rodin and Donatello, but a second look will discover the grace and energy the artist creates in every work. It is a great book for anyone interested in figurative art. Neri's studies and drawings are quite beautiful by themselves... A great book for any artist who enjoys capturing the figure, either the one who just likes to dabble in life drawing or the serious and technically-minded draftsman. Anyone at all can find in Neri's work a new way to look at line and the figure. Also great for anyone who wants to get to know Bay Area art.
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Dugdale has, for many years, been one of my favorite photographers. He uses a process for printing his photographs called cyanotype which was invented during the time that Thoreau lived and worked. The wonderful elegance and simplicity of his subjects and images fits perfectly with Thoreau's philosophies of life. Dugdale, because of HIV, is 80% blind, but, somehow, uses what sight he has combined with a pure spirituality and sight beyond the physical to create images of rare beauty.
So, we see a single rose alongside these words of Thoreau: "Love is the burden of all Nature's odes..." A still-life of flowers, two birds, which may be made of milk glass, and a human hand are viewed with Thoreau's "Perhaps what most moves us in winter is some reminiscence of far-off summer...;" a solitary man with one hand against an old, tall tree by a pond and a field are perfect for Thoreau's "Live in each season as it passes; breathe the air, drink the drink, taste the fruit, and resign yourself to the influences of each..." And perhaps most moving of all, part of the back of a nude man is used with Thoreau's "My life was ecstasy. In youth, before I lost any of my senses, I can remember that I was all alive, and inhabited my body with inexpressible satisfaction..."
The book begins with two short, wonderfully written appreciations of the artists by Frank Crocitto.
This collection is magnificent beyond any contemporary words. HIGHLY RECOMMENDED.