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It was easier for Bruce Feiler to experience the many personal revelations he undergoes in "Walking the Bible". He had remarkable company -- archaelogist Avner Goren, his walking companion for most of the book's episodes, is former chief archaeologist of the Sinai peninsula. Feiler also interviews a bevy of other biblical archaeologists, and sits down with former Israeli Prime Minister Shimon Peres. No typical tourist will ever receive this much direct insight into the region.
However, Feiler has written a great armchair journey for the rest of us. He divides his book (of course) into five parts, matching the Five Books of Moses he seeks to recreate. He journeys from Turkey to Mesopotamia to Israel, Egypt, the Sinai, and Jordan, reading passages from the Torah along the way to illustrate key moments in the story. "Walking" is part travelogue, part spiritual journey, part textbook, and part recipe book. The hunger Feiler feels in the desert is never explicitly mentioned, but the Georgia-born author must have been well and truly starving, because every three pages, a bit of timeless Biblical landscape is described in food metaphor. These are too numerous to mention, but I will say that the most bizarre is the Israeli truck that reminds him of a box of Sweet Tarts.
Because Feiler does so much wandering, both geographically and emotionally, some parts of "Walking the Bible" are inevitably less enjoyable than others. I felt that the strongest writing occurs in Jordan, at the end of the book, at the end of Moses' life. When Feiler gets into a Biblical argument with Muslim bedouins about just who Moses was, over discrepancies between the Torah and the Koran, it becomes easier to see just why the Middle East conflict has persisted for so long. The journey through the remnants of Petra, a city carved from sandstone cliffs, is truly awe-inspiring (again, despite the lack of pictures). I also enjoyed his journeys to Mount Ararat, the Great Pyramid, and the Wailing Wall.
As to the book's brief descriptions of 20th century conflict, some readers will doubtless be offended by the appearance of a Jordanian minister (whose own words reveal him to be a narrow-minded hypocrite), or by Feiler's interviews with American-born Israelis living in the disputed territories of the West Bank. However, in the context of the larger story -- four thousand years of history, in which little has truly changed -- I feel that these detours are necessary and well-balanced.
Feiler goes from Moses parting The Red Sea to having to deal with overzealous border patrol guards and officials who constantly ask for baksheesh(bribes) or unnecessary questions to confirm his Judaism such as "What is the Passover?" Feiler takes us through Noah, Abraham, Isaac, Jacob, Joseph, and Moses and the many tumultuous travails and incredible journeys of each. From a historical perspective, Walking the Bible is fascinating as it delineates where in modern terms all of the biblical occurrences transpire - i.e. the burning bush supposedly at St. Catherine's, The Ten Commandments on Mt. Sinai, where Abraham took Isaac to be offered as a sacrifice, etc.
This is by no means a boring book and should be read by all in search of adventure and more clarity on the Bible. Feiler brings the Bible alive through his vivid and unwavering and unquestioned passion for his subject.
PS: If you read this book, you will learn to have a better understanding of what is going on in the Middle East. You will also discover that what is going on there has been going on for more than a couple thousands of years. There is a part in the Bible that says that nothing that is happening now or will happen, has not happened before. I don't understand this well but it must have to do with the circles of life! Maybe??? So, I believe that there is nothing new in life and that what we are facing now, happened even way back when Moses was leading his people out to the promise land. It appears to me that the hatred of terrorists is the hatred that generations in those areas have passed along to the newer generation; until here, today in America, and with the rest of the world, we are harvesting the hatred that those generations have sown. In fact, I see Osama bin Laden as the pure body and flesh of the hatred of all of those years of wars and fights.
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The best functions of this book are the copius annotations and translator notes found on every page. They help guide the novice along when some of the text gets a little dense. The annotations help link quotations to their proper place in the other books of the bible. Most bibles have this feature, but this edition has the best annotations I've seen. The translator's notes are nice, showing the reader where the Greek or Hebrew words could have had alternate meanings to the English. It also points out where some ancient texts may have omitted or added text, and then tells you what it was. Very handy, I must say.
This bible also has tons of explanatory material about the text: historical information on biblical times, various literary forms used in the Bible, explanations of ancient modes of writing, etc. All of this information is very helpful to getting more out of reading the Bible.
As a budding religion major, I've yet to explore all of the information this edition provides, but for the biblical scholar, this is the book to go with. It will take you far in your studies.
For the casual reader, this Bible may not be as useful. Many people like to read on their own and make their own interpretations out of the scripture. In these cases, the annotations and explanatory notes will not be helpful, but could actually be a hinderance. Some want to read the Bible in a new, updated, modern English version. I'd recommend the Good News Bible for these readers.
Overall, a must for the biblical scholar. I took a class on Paul, and I was glad to have this bible along to help get through some of his deep theological discussions!
The notes are not unwieldy -- the Biblical text takes up generally 4/5 of the page. So it is not impractical for non-academic use. Each sequence and individual book has a scholarly introduction about it, which is profitable to read in order to have a firm understanding of the history of the text. All of this fosters an intelligent reading of the Bible. Another asset of the edition, there's a mini-concordance (well... they don't actually call it that) in the back where you can look up some words very quickly to find major instances of them.
If you want a devotional book or an edition with notes to confirm your own beliefs, you should look elsewhere. To learn more about the Bible and how to read it, this is one of the best investments you can make. If you can get another translation to read alongside it, that's probably best. Personally I'm apathetic about the gender language issue -- it's awkward in some places but still doesn't detract too much from this as compared with other translations.
If you don't have an NRSV, definitely purchase this edition!
The NRSV translation is very literal yet very easy to read. It employs inclusive language for human beings, but never for the Holy Trinity. The NRSV is a better overall tranlsation than the RSV, not least of all because it is based on more precise and abundant textual evidence, especially for the Old Testament.
It is beautiful and poetic (take for example, the classic Isaiah 53 Passage). It is a product of Protestant, Catholic, Eastern Orthodox and Jewish scholarship, as is the New Oxford Annotated Bible. The NRSV with Apocrypha carries the imprimatur of both the US and Canadian Catholic Bishops, and used in the Canadian Lectionary for Mass. It is quoted in the English edition of the Catholic Catechism, along with the original RSV.
The New Oxford Annotated Bible has a venerable tradition behind it parallel to the RSV/NRSV. The first edition came out in 1962. In 1966, The Oxford Annotated Bible came out with the Apocrypha, and received the imprimatur of Richard Cardinal Cushing of Boston. It was the first "common Bible" hailed by Catholic, Protestants and Orthodox. In 1977, the Expanded New Oxford Annotated Bible with the second edition RSV text came out, with an expanded Apocrypha, which reflected the canon of the Eastern Orthodox Churches. It was the most complete bible ever.
And finally, in 1991, the New Oxford Annotated Bible in the New RSV was published, continuing the great tradition of this venerable study bible. This edition too, has the fuller Apocrypha, which includes Psalm 151 and 3rd and 4th Maccabees. As a Byzantine Catholic, I appreciate the fuller canon, which has all of the books of the Greek Septuagint. The Greek Septuagint was the bible used by the earliest Christians, and is still the official bible of the Eastern Orthodox Churches.
The updated study notes are a vast improvement over the RSV/New Oxford Annotated Bible of 1977. I appreciate for example, that the notes in John chapter 6 admit a Eucharistic interpretation more clearly than the 1977 edition. I find that most of the notes do not conflict with my Catholic faith.
The NRSV is my favorite translation, followed by the old RSV and the New Jerusalem Bible. The New Oxford Annotated Bible is my favorite study bible. I would not say that this bible has a "liberal" bias in the notes. Rather, the scholars have a high view of the bible, but accept certain critical theories, much like many contemporary Catholic and neo-Evangelical scholars. Princeton Scholar Bruce Metzger, an evangelical Presbyterian, is the chief editor for both the NRSV translation and the New Oxford Study Edition. He has a high view of scripture, as can be ascertained by Lee Strobel's interview with him in his book, the Case for Christ. Metzger's name has been associated with both the RSV/NRSV and the New Oxford Annotated Bible during their entire histories. The RSV/NRSV and the New Oxford Annotated Bible have been intertwined for nearly forty years, and will continue to help people understand God's word. The New Oxford Annotated Bible is designed to study the NRSV Bible. I highly recommend it.
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-However Feiler seems to stretch at times in making his case that Abraham 'unites' the three religions of Judaism, Islam, and Christianity. On the contrary, Abraham is more a point of contention than one of unity. I wish Feiler had made the statement that all three positions on Abraham cannot be equally true since they often directly contradict each other. A worthy goal is always to divide truth from error in order to understand which position, if any, is accurate. Instead of taking this path, Feiler seems to desire peace at the expense of truth as he places religious harmony higher than a right understanding of theology.
-Feiler is correct that the most mesmerizing story of Abraham's life--his offering a son to God--plays a pivotal role in the holiest week of the Christian year, at Easter. This is surely the case as Christianity sees Abraham's sacrifice of Isaac as a foreshadowing of the substitutionary atonement of Jesus. However, this is a radically different interpretation of the event from either Judaism or Islam.
-Feiler states that Abraham, is a character who has shape-shifted over the millennia to the extent that the religions don't even agree on which son he tried to kill. This is true, and the interpretation may have shape-shifted, but that does not mean the scriptural documents were changed. That is, with the discovery of the Dead Sea Scrolls, the claim that documents had been changed in order to fit with dogma, has little foundation.
-Feiler claims that Abraham is a type of metaphor and that this historically elusive man embodies three religions. That's a difficult claim to back up. Abraham 'embodies' all three religions? Certainly Christian scholars would not make that claim. They would claim that only Jesus would fit this role. Abraham was the one to whom the promise was made and Jesus was the fulfillment of that promise. Abraham's role would be significantly secondary.
-Feiler concludes with a passionate and prayerful argument for peace between faiths. This is a valiant attempt and his motives are surely good. However, it would have been refreshing if he would have explained that when two people theologically disagree with each other that does not mean that they necessarily hate each other. The existence of truth means that at least one party is wrong, but that does not mean that the parties cannot respect each other as people, even though they may not respect all theological positions. Grace, peace, and love can and do exist side by side with truth - and if truth exists, so does error. One party being 'wrong' is part of the package and it is the reality. I wish Feiler's final sentence had been, "Call your brother wrong and love him with those words."
It was very interesting to notice that the details of the stories differed not only between the 3 religions, but also in the same religion during different historical periods. Interpreters looked at the same text and made different conclusions that helped them deal with the circumstances of their lives at a given time. It shows that we (Jews, Christians and Muslims) are only human after all. As a Muslim, I've only come to know our father Abraham as described in the Qur'an and it was enlightening to see him from the perspective of the other two religions. If we look beyond the details, the essence and morals of the stories are the same: surrendering to one God. Unfortunately throughout history all the people of Abraham never tried to emphasize their similarities but concentrated on their differences, demonizing and killing one another while trying to attain God's blessings as the sole heirs of Abraham.
Ignorance breeds intolerance, and this book is an honest and unbiased attempt at teaching us about one another and is hopefully a step towards bringing the people of the 3 faiths to common grounds. This is not impossible since the essence is one: surrendering to one God, believing in the Day of Judgment and doing good deeds. God tells us in the Qur'an," Those who have attained to faith [in this divine writ], as well as those who follow the Jewish faith, and the Christians, and the Sabians (probably means the followers of John the Baptist)-all who believe in God and the Last Day and do righteous deeds- shall have their reward with their Sustainer; and no fear need they have, and neither shall they grieve."(2:62)(Translation from: the Message of the Qur'an by Mohammad Asad)
Reading the chapter on Islam, I thought it was good however, the author seemed to imply that Islam is a religion invented by Mohammad, and some of the statements were without any foundation, for example:" The Koran says...During Noha's Flood the Ka'ba had been taken up to heaven, where angels fluttered around it,.." Actually, nowhere in the Qur'an is this statement made or even implied! Another important point that the author failed to clarify (although he mentioned it in passing) is that Islam has 2 meanings. The original meaning is: surrendering to one God, later it came to mean the religion revealed to Prophet Mohammad. So when the Qur'an says" The only true faith in God's sight is Islam." It means that the only true faith is surrendering to one God. If you read the Qur'an its all about that. Mohammad, Jesus, Moses, Abraham, all the prophets are only men who delivered the message of "worship one God" to mankind, they are all secondary to God. And since they all delivered this message of one God they are all "Muslims" or in other words believers in one God. To be honest not all Muslims understand this concept in this way and the majority interprets the verse differently. Finally, one thing I personally found shocking is the way the author talked about God at times, as if God was human: with needs and whims!
Overall, an interesting, enjoyable and informative book that everyone should read.
The different interpretations of the Abraham story lead the author to conclude that there are actually a multitude of "Abrahams" to fit different historical, political, and social situations. Indeed, Fieler makes a little too much of the fact that there is no archaeological evidence that Abraham ever existed. He doesn't take a hard-line position on Abraham's existence or non-existence, so I guess one could call him an "Abraham agnostic". His ultimate goal, to find common ground and possible reconciliation among the monotheistic religions on the basis of Abraham would have a very shaky foundation indeed if it was based on a mythical character.
This book is much more than a study of Abraham. It documents a personal journey by the author to the crucible where these great religions lead a frighteningly non-peaceful co-existence: the land of Israel. After reading of his encounters with various Jewish, Christian, and Muslim clerics, one sadly sees little hope for a full reconciliation. Of course, that should come as no surprise. But this little book can go a long way in cracking open the doors of understanding.
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I liked this anthology a lot despite the fact that a couple of the stories were rather weak. Some of the stories seem to have been written by extrapolating current events into the future and these, like "The Littlest Jackal" are the weakest in the collection. Also, in that story, the author mis-places Helsinki north of the Arctic circle and so he has the sun not setting in the summer, that was just sloppy writing. The stories such as "Maneki Neko" (my favourite) and the "Deep Eddy" series, that extrapolate technology are the ones that make the book worth while. In these, Sterling's wry view of the way that technology might change our world is both thought provoking and funny.
The last three stories are all set in the same world and they follow the largely unrelated exploits of a group of people living on the edge of a highly technological society. I felt as though the author was taking some of the people that he met while writing "The Hacker Crackdown" and then dropping them into the middle of the 21st century. These are three great stories.
His short stories tend to fare better. They are less ambitious but also tighter, and hence less distracting. "A Good Old-Fashioned Future" represents his latest collection of stories; the earlier works are "Globalhead" and "Crystal Express," which contains one absolute knock-out story called "Swarm."
These stories are less experimental than "Globalhead" and more successful. Most of them are set in the near future and focus on collapsing societies. The last three are set in the same world and form a loose novella; Sterling seems to like this setting.
None of the stories in here drags unacceptably, and some are quite good. It may be that Sterling has settled down to writing clean readable stories, rather than trying to write "outside the box."
Arguably the best of the stories here is "Big Jelly," a fevered collaboration with Rudy Rucker, whose motto sums up Sterling's shared vision nicely: "Seek Ye The Gnarl!"
This is a spendid, lingering collection, more coherent and immediately enjoyable than "Crystal Express" or "Globalhead."