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The first section of the book discusses Saudi Arabia¡¯s economic situation and explains the process of technical modernization. According to Shaw and Long, economy has had and continues to have great impacts on Saudi Arabia¡¯s move towards modernization. In order to support their views, the authors give a brief but thorough explanation of Saudi¡¯s economy. The authors present us with an interesting and very true statement about Saudi Arabia¡¯s laissez faire economy and its Islamic nature: ¡°Unlike the protestant work ethic that more or less guides American economic activity, Islam does not distinguish between the world of the flesh and the world of the spirit.¡± This basically means that in the Saudi mind, God is the creator of all things and if people have wealth it is because God wants it to be so. In that case, no man should feel guilty about easily acquiring huge amounts of wealth without having to work hard for it. This, according to Shaw and Long, deprives Saudi Arabia from a work ethic without which there can never be modernization such as in the Western world. Shaw and Long further try to make certain that we fully understand how Saudi Arabia¡¯s economy works and that it is entirely based on oil. With its huge incomes from the oil industry, Saudi Arabia has every reason and potential to establish a highly modernized infrastructure. Here the authors imply the importance of the three Five Year Plans that resulted in high technological advances in the sectors of communication, transportation, utilities, housing, health and education (p.11). The first part of the book, therefore, is a nicely written preview of the beginnings of Saudi Arabian industrialization and technological modernization. It is then crucial to understand how it was possible that all this materialization did not manage to corrupt the strong religious and cultural ideologies of the people.
The second part of the book is a critical analysis of the Saudi Arabian society, its response to modernization and its impact on stability. The analysis revolves around the many different groups that exist in the Saudi Arabian nation, such as the Royal Family, at the top of the pyramid, the military, the technocrats, the merchants, the students, the common people, the students, the religious leadership, the women, the Shi¡¯ites and the dissidents. The authors manage to critically assess each group of people as well as apply the ways in which each group responds to the economic factors and the movement towards modernization. All these subjects of society have in some way been dysfunctional and have been the cause of instability, say Shaw and Long. The Royal Family, with its personalized regime, for example, has left no space for a modern, delegated authority. The military, with its materialistic incentives (p.67), has virtually no manpower and therefore no power at all to make any decisions. The technocrats have not been able to develop a masterplan of public administration (p.74) and mobility, thus slinging to traditional rules rather than wanting to modernize. The merchants, who almost always consist of large families controlling large areas of the business, are highly dependent on the ruling elite and also do not attempt to deviate from it. The students and the Saudi common man, according to Shaw and Long, are in no rush to change any policies and are just as happy living in a traditional society simply because they do not know any better. The role of women, being to take care of the household, is another factor that can only bring about a bigger gap in the sphere of manpower and labor. At the end of the social pyramid is the religious leadership, which is also the basis building block of the whole Saudi Arabian society. Shaw and Long express their view that Islam is a political ideology that is above all people and concepts (p.88). The second part of the book, as I have described it above, gives the reader a basic understanding of the Saudi mind and how different people live and work in their own organizations without really bringing about any modernization and thus creating instability. In a society like this one, labor is insufficient, manpower is absent and most of the capital goes to the hands of a few rich people. This, according to Long and Shaw, is also the cause of instability and is the main block to modernization.
¡°Saudi Arabian Modernization¡± is a book that manages to make a long story short. It gives the reader a sufficient amount of knowledge in order to understand Saudi Arabian ideologies. The authors then propose several questions about why modernization has not been able to work, in what ways the Saudi Arabian society is instable and how all of that can change in the future. One flaw that this book has is that sometimes the authors fail to give enough factual evidence to support their claims and the reader is left with too many personal opinions. The overall impression, however, after reading this book is that it is short and precise. The book is also well-organized which makes it easy to follow and comprehend. It is a great source of information and the authors manage to support all their ideas very strongly, leaving us with many interesting interpretations of various issues.
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In 150 years of travel across the Big Empty (as pioneers called the Intermountain West) a few have stayed, but all began as passersby. Who are they and why do they come? Why do we want them to come? Where do they go? How can we make them spend more money? Why do we make fun of them? Those are just some of the questions asked and answered in a new anthology nurtured by the University of Colorado's Center of the American West.
"Seeing and Being Seen" explores the history of tourism in the American West, and examines its effect on both the tourists and the people and places they visit. Essayists from National Park Service historian David Louter to novelist Rudolfo Anaya ponder the various dilemmas posed by tourism for western communities, from economic and environmental questions to cultural change.
The book explains how some towns, such as Trinidad, Colo., have been reluctant to embrace tourism for fear of losing their culture, while others, like Burlington, Colo., look for ways to control -- and profit from -- the exploitation of local history and culture.
"Seeing and Being Seen" sprouted from a tourism colloquium sponsored by CU's Center for the New West in 1997. It is a good exploration of the industry by people whose job it is to analyze such things.
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Nearing forty, Brad is married, has a son, and has a successful architect career, but remains guilt stricken by the sobbing of a LONG LOST nine year old. Desperate for closure he appeals on TV for Petey to come home. In Denver, a mangy looking construction worker calls Brad by name insisting he is Petey. Though initially skeptical, Brad begins to believe him because this guy knows insider things about Brad and their parents. Brad takes Petey home, where his wife and son warmly welcome him.
While camping, Petey shoves Brad off the edge of a cliff before abducting his sister-in-law and nephew. Brad survives and begins an odyssey to rescue his family from the avenging serpent.
LONG LOST is a taut suspense thriller that hooks readers from the very first line until the one sitting tale is finished. Though Petey's revenge seems extreme, especially the events he committed after he left his brother for dead, the suspenseful plot thoroughly retains its grip on the reader. David Morrell has furnished a powerful haunting thriller with a frightening ending that just adds to the depth of a hard to forget novel
Harriet Klausner
Brad has one major regret in life. When he was a thirteen-year-old youngster in Ohio, he once told his nine-year-old brother, Petey to go home by himself, since Brad's friends didn't want a little kid tagging along with them. Tragically, Petey got on his bike, pedaled away, and disappeared off the face of the earth. Petey's disappearance devastated the Denning family and Brad has never gotten over his grief and his guilt over the loss of his brother.
One day, a man shows up out of the blue and calls out Brad's name while Brad is walking along the street in downtown Denver. The man states that he had seen a television spot featuring Brad, and he insists that he is Petey, Brad's long-lost brother. "Petey" claims to be elated to have the opportunity to reconnect at last with his family and he seems anxious to make up for all the lost years when the brothers were separated. After an initial period of understandable skepticism, Brad buys the man's story, particularly because "Petey" knows facts about the boys' childhood that no one else could have told him.
Brad soon finds that he has inadvertently plunged himself and his family into a morass of terror and despair by allowing this man into his home. Is this man really Brad's long-lost brother, or is he an impostor? What soon becomes clear is that "Petey's" agenda is not about reconciliation. Brad is soon put into a position of having to single-handedly save his family and himself from disaster.
Morrell's writing in "Long Lost" is simple and understated. The chapters are brief and he uses the first person, which makes the action more personal and immediate. The novel is fast-paced and exciting and the reader is kept on the edge of his seat wondering how the plot will resolve itself. The only downside is that occasional melodramatic touches seep into the narrative, and there are a few cliches which detract from the flow of the story. However, for the most part "Long Lost" is a good summer read. Put your feet up and prepare to lose yourself in a story about a desperate person who will do anything to reclaim his life from a very dangerous man.
Although, the way Brad tracks his brother is a little hard to believe. The ending rings very true to life. It's not exactly a happy ending. This book is one incredible book!
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What was also interesting to me is the degree to which American pop culture had totally saturated Sean and David's worldview and vocabulary as they talk back and forth during the trip. They not only reference the easy stuff that everyone in the Western world knows-- Charlton Heston, Disneyland-- but also obscure pop cultural references that I thought we had agreed to keep within our own borders-- e.g., The Hawaii epsiodes of "The Brady Bunch" and Snuggle the Bear. It sort of depresses me; I wished there was more of an even exchange, but I guess the only Australian pop cultural references shared by my generation here in the US are that "Kookaberra/gum tree" song and Crocodile Dundee.
All in all this is an entertaining book. It shatters the impression of a desolate Outback when Sean can tune into bad TV shows from a hotel near Ayers Rock. I'm really looking forward to their next book, their drive across the US.
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