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It has great potential as book to use as framework and using another book like kaplock/saddock to confirm facts or expand info.
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to keep my attention, but he cannot argue a point
well enough to convince me. Despite his training
as a philosopher, Chase just cannot seem to distinguish
himself from his object, the Unabomber.
Indeed, there is a gaping hole in Chase's thesis that
Ted Kaczynski's experience at Harvard was partly responsible
for the homicidal genius known as the Unabomber. In particular,
Chase places some responsibility on the murky experiments conducted by Harvard psychology professor Henry A. Murray. Kaczynski was apparently one of Murray's subjects.
But there are at least two large gaps in Chase's argument.
First, Chase provides not a single statement from Kaczynski
that shows any animosity or ill effects from Murray's experiments or from the Harvard experience. This is expected given Chase's frequent citation of some of the Unabomber's journal entries.
And when Chase does include a quote to enlighten us on the Unabomber's motivations, he selects one where Kaczynski says (p. 342): "My ambition is to kill a scientist, big businessman, governement official or the like." Nothing here about Murray; and more significantly,nothing here about hating Harvard.
Indeed, the more more glaring objection to Chase's thesis is that the Unabomber never targeted Harvard as far as we know. We know that Kaczynski targeted Berkeley, where he had worked. He sent a bomb to the University of Michigan, where he received his Ph.D. He even sent a bomb to Yale. But no, not even one to Harvard. It looks as if the Unabomber went out of his way to avoid harming Harvard.
Chase's injection of his own philosophical and anti-Harvard sentiments have already been addressed in the review by Todd Gitlin in The Washington Post (March 2, 2003). Despite Chase's protestations to this review, Gitlin documents the fact that Chase wrongly assumed that his 1953 syllabus for a class had the same readings as the one Kaczynski followed later.
Some fifteen years ago I read an essay by Chase in BYU Today (August 1985). Therein he seemingly provides a shorter version of the book on the Unambomber. One finds in that article lamentations about the moral relativism and alienating nature of modern civilization. It concludes with a plea to allow faith and teleology to have a larger role in our world-view lest we descend into moral chaos.
Of course, Chase ignores the fact that faith and teleology are largely responsible for the moral chaos of modern civilization. In any event, Chase apparently has now found the embodiment of alienation in Ted Kaczynski.
But all is not lost for Chase's book, which manages to provide interesting musings on some intellectual trends of the post-War era. But to the extent that he tries to be more specific about the Harvard connections, Chase fails. The book is more about Chase than about Kaczynski's problems with Harvard. Accordingly, the book should best be titled: "Harvard and Alston Chase."
Chase is especially hard on the news media, whom he claims got just about everything wrong. He names names, the NEW YORK TIMES, NEWSWEEK, AND TIME MAGAZINE garnering their share of criticism. Chase claims Kaczynski was no worse than any other math whiz until he got to Harvard, where he volunteered for Henry A. Murray's "Multiform Assessments of Personality Development" experiment with twenty-one other elite students. The subjects were told to write an essay expounding on their philosophy of life which would be debated by an aggressive young lawyer. According to Chase, Kaczynski was humiliated by this experience, having nightmares about psychologists chasing him. Eventually Kaczynski would target psychologists versed in behavior modification.
Chase doesn't spend much time on biography, but he does show Kaczynski growing up in Evergreen Park, Illinois, the first child of intellectual parents, whom he later blames for pushing him too hard. After skipping two grades in school, he arrives at Harvard totally lacking in social skills. Apparently he never grew up. We see him later on writing obscene lyrics on the walls at Foam Cutting Engineers after a woman he had fallen in love with spurns him.
Alston Chase indicts the curriculum at Harvard during the time Kaczynski spent there as co-conspirators, especially something called positivism, the theory that only empirically verifiable statements are meaningful, that moral and spiritual judgments, not being verifiable, are mere "cognitively meaningless expressions of emotion." Kaczynski would use this as a philosophical underpinning for what he did.
Chase's argues that Ted Kaczynski is far from alone in his hatred toward technology. Most all terrorists hate modern technological civilization, many of them living right here in the United States. Just one example the December 1999 "Battle of Seattle" at the World Trade Organization meeting, where ecosaboteurs ran amok.
This sort of happening may be closer to home than you might think. I have to admit that I wasn't aware of the Earth Liberation Front's 2002 attack on the University of Minnesota's future genetic research center that caused $630,000 in damages.
Chase's conclusion sums things up quite effectively. He cautions against intellectual pride, that seduces people (politicians, psychologists, educators) into believing "that they have a right to decide what's best for others." Right on, brother!
Virtually everything that most people believe about TK is false! His ideas date from the 1950s, not the 1960s. His decision to retreat to the wilderness was made at Harvard, not Berkeley. TK is not a revolutionary hero, nor original philosopher, not genuine environmentalist. His manifesto is neither brilliant nor a sign of mental illness, but a set of cliches whose sentiments are shared by millions (p.24). TK was not the first Harvard murderer (p.26), but had the highest body count - he used technology!
Harvard was the site of the Murray psychological experiments on undergraduates which were so unsavory and unethical as to be kept secret to this day (p.31). This book is about the dysfunctional high school environment that is still with us. It tells about the exploitation of colleges during the Cold War by the government. These forces created a culture of despair that infects the educational system and promotes patterns of violence. The purpose of this book is to understand TK as an intellectual and as a criminal.
Pages 85-94 analyze the "Unabomber Manifesto". It contains the conventional wisdom of the entire country. Its publication led to his capture since its thinking identified the author to his family. Pages 123-4 tell of the newspaper reports of his arrest. TK's habits were not dissimilar to others in his area. It tells about TK's friends in the area (pp.125-6). Page 131 shows small groups of journalists discussing how the news should be played, then filing identical stories on the trial. TK faced the death penalty, but he refused the defense of "diminished mental state" (pp.134-40). The evaluation by experts had conclusions that supported their side (p.141). Was the decision by the judge (p.147) part of a cover-up?
Chapter 11 to 13 covers General Education and the "Culture of Despair" that follows "logical positivism". Was its effect to brainwash and break down the values of the "best and the brightest" to create subservient automatons for corporate America? Could this explain the appeal of fundamentalist sects? This is the most important part of this book! Gen Ed undermined values rather than reinforced them (p.205).
Chapter 15 tells of Murray's Experiment, which violated the Nuremburg Code (p.236). Many questionnaires were used to learn the background of the subject before 'The Experiment'. Does it remind you of that interrogation in "The Darkness at Noon"? Chapter 16 tells about Henry Murray, a psychologist who couldn't cure himself. The book ends by noting that schools are even less dedicated to learning than they were, substituting political and behavioral correctness, and using drugs to do this (p.364). Are uneducated people easier to control? Is this the reason for this education?
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Much the same can be said of Mad Genius. It was also published before the trial. It isn't quite as confusing as Graysmith's book, but then it doesn't strive to be more than a quick summary of what the investigation was like and who the victims were. To make up for lack of depth and/or detail, there is an extremely long list of the evidence seized at the Montana cabin -- with no explanation for what the coded notations the FBI used stand for. And then there's the complete manifesto, appended at the end. My favorite part was the photocopy of the Kazynski's hand-written note about seeds at the very end. At least it had a personal touch.
The definitive Unabomer book has yet to be written; it would take someone like Vincent Bugliosi or Ann Rule to do it justice -- or else the Robert Graysmith of old.
The book helps answer many questions about the Unabomber:
- What are the facts of the case? [ not a trivial question for such a protracted case ]
- What is the Ted Kaczynski's background? Who is he, where did he come from, could anyone have guessed that this is what he was up to?
- Why he did it -- motives, frustrations, ideas.
And that's basically all that most people will ever want to know about the unabomber and his story. The book will also give you plenty of minutia to relish over, such as his the inventory of his cabin at the time of the arrest, what "technology" (or lack thereof) did he use to assemble his bombs, and it lists his manifesto in full. The book is not expensive and read quickly -- get it, read it, satisfy your morbid curiosity! :)
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Stern (as usual) has assembled contributors who excel not only in clinical medicine, but in teaching well. By using this wise and helpful guide, one learns not only how to help, but how to think clearly about complex presentations.
All that prevents this truly useful volume from receiving five stars is an improved table of contents--you will want to get to the heart of the matter quickly. (For bonus stars,the intrepid MGH crew will produce a companion volume, "Beyond Primary Care," for all the psychiatrists who will now have only extremely complex cases referred!)
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