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SELF-DEVELOPMENT. Not just skills, but the whole range of our own potentialities for sensing, wondering, learning, understanding and aspiring. Gardner points out that this does not happen until one gets over the odd notion that education is what goes on in school buildings and nowhere else.
SELF-KNOWLEDGE. By midlife we are accomplished fugitives from ourselves. Our lives are filled with diversions; our heads stuffed with knowledge; we are involved with people. Result: we've never taken time to probe our inner selves. We don't want to know ourselves. We don't want to depend upon ourselves. We can't stand to live with ourselves. A better way is to develop a more comfortable view of who you are. It is the true basis of inner strength.
COURAGE TO FAIL. By the time we reach middle age, we carry in our heads a long list of things we'll never try again because we tried once and failed. Mature people learn less because they are willing to risk less. There's no learning without difficulty and fumbling, but if you want to keep on learning, you must keep risking failure.
LOVE. Develop the ability to have mutually fruitful relations with others. Be capable of accepting love and giving it; of depending upon others and of being depended upon. Develop the ability to see life through another's eyes and reach out to others.
MOTIVATION. A self-renewing person is highly motivated. The author points out that motivation isn't a fuel that gets injected into your system (motivation speakers won't do it); it's partly inner energy and partly the result of the social forces in your life. Gardner makes the point that we live in an over-verbalized civilization. Words have become more real than the things they signify and we need to return to the solid earth of direct experience because we are drowning in meaningless word tonnage.
"For those who have accepted the reality of change, the need for endless learning and trying is a way of living, a way of thinking, a way of being awake and ready. "Life isn't a train ride where you choose your destination, pay your fare and settle back for a nap. "It's a cycle ride over uncertain terrain, with you in the driver's seat, constantly correcting your balance and determining the direction of progress. "It's dfficult, sometimes profoundly painful."
For those who are able to achieve self-renewal, Gardner believes they will also develop a more realistic survival view of the world: "Sensible people will understand that there will never be a time when we are not in imminent danger. Cruelty, violence, brutality will be held in leash only by unresting effort--if held in leash at all. "Sloth, indulgence, smugness, torpor begotten of ease and flabbiness begotten of security will always lurk in wait." No society will ever solve the issue of the individual versus the organization. "No society will ever discover how to become civilized without running the risk of becoming overcivilized."
This is a profoundly thoughtful, penetrating piece on what makes you tick. Well worth your time.
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You could probably retitle everything Garder wrote LIES! LIES! LIES! From the novels to the children's books, from the handbooks to the book on Chaucer. It has the properly shrill tone. It suggests what you'll find beneath the cover. A sham, a masquerade.
And it's probably his most postmodern: fragmentary, obsessed with the local, involved in pastiche, in appraisals of Mickey Spillane, in assaulting the icons of high culture (Thackeray and others), full of parody and play. Play. Play in a book by Gardner.
I have to tell you that I've taught his silly book for young writers to college students and they really can't stand it. It has the effect of shutting them up completely. It is about the poorest book on writing I have ever encountered. I'm now considering giving them this instead. They might relate to it more.
It charts the continuing development of a young writer who is urgently looking for something to believe. Desperately looking, really. Young writers might find a mirror in this. It might have the effect of comforting them.
I'm not sure how to recommend this, or to whom I should recommend it. Gardner scholars, certainly. Anyone interested in writing. Especially when that writer is, well, psychically troubled. There's a peculiarly voyeuristic angle (angel?) to this, or a psychoanalytic one, since Gardner is a very knotty, ambivalent subject.
Lies! Lies! Lies! does not confine itself to college humor, fraternity capers, and day-to-day personal events; these are in fact in the minority. Throughout the journal Gardner experiments, sometimes explicitly ("Just for fun I think I'll burlesque the passage I just quoted."), with literary forms, conventions, language, techniques. While I doubt that anyone reading the journal in 1952 would have predicted the birth of The Sunlight Dialogues twenty years later, one would certainly have observed rumblings and stirrings that moved Gardner in the direction of that major and amazing novel.
Especially in the early pages, where he writes about his college life, Gardner's journal has a characteristically moral cast, a light-hearted but notable tendency to see life in terms of rights and wrongs. His fraternity pranks are "crimes," the perpetrators of which can't be held accountable as long as Gardner can claim he was "just telling a story." Remarks such as "Somebody's naughty, I'd say" are common. Even the title page of his journal is a comically moral display, and what are his (or anyone's) novels but elaborate, extended lies? A shrewd critic might see in the journal's moral tone the foreshadowings of On Moral Fiction, the book that got Gardner into so much trouble with his fellow novelists.
The journal offers interesting, sometimes extended critical commentary on such authors of the tradition as Daniel Defoe, Henry Fielding, Jonathan Swift, and William Makepeace Thackeray, whom Gardner "hates with a beautiful, blood-dripping hate." "Reading Fielding," on the other hand, "is like going to a good play with someone who knows it well. Between the acts we have delicious commentary on the thing." Gardner also takes the time to analyze "a few of [Swift's] brilliant thrusts" and even has something to say about Mickey Spillane!
A good read in its own right, Lies! Lies! Lies! will fascinate and reward anyone with an interest in Gardner's life and work.
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One of only a handful of books on this topic, "Simulation Techniques" provides a detailed presentation of the subject. The book is useful both as an introduction to simulation, and as a reference.
I have worked with this kind of simulation for over two decades, and I can thoroughly recommend it.
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I think this may be a good book for English majors or experienced writers, but not for young writers. For us young and inexperienced writers, he talks above our heads.
Even the style can scare a person away. He writes in the style of John Smith and others who could fit maybe one paragraph on a page. It's just not conducive to digesting the material.
In short, if you're a young writer, go trying "Writing Fiction Step By Step" by Josip Novakovich or something like that. But experienced writers, you may enjoy this.
This interactive process is experienced at the individual level also. Gardner describes healthy self-renewing people as those who both give and accept love. They depend on other people and are capable of having other people depend on them.
Passion is part of the self-renewed life. He says people of that bent know they must have conviction about what they are doing and if they don't, they need to find something they can have conviction about.
The principles he describes at the individual level have implications collectively as well. He goes on to state that "it is important that a society create an atmostphere that encourages effort, striving and vigorous performance" (p. 20). It is within social systems that individuals make their contributions. A lot of wise insight is provided in this book. He leaves the readers better off than when they picked up the book to read.