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The only problem with this book is that it doesn't give equal time to the Japanese carrier fleet, which as it happened was America's only real competitor in this developing science.
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Oh and one big real why I even decided to write a review is that David Friedman is actually the son of Milton Friedman. But that is not mentioned anywhere in the book, which is a nice gesture of anti-nepotism. Anyhow back to the merits of the book. The topics are quite easy to grasp and very interesting. After reading this you may want to go check out game theory and the law which is more specialized. The book is well written and we use it for our economics analysis of law class.
David Friedman comes at the subject from a different angle. What if the legal system operated like any other market system?
Well, not just ANY other market system. One of the presumptions is that to be truly efficient the market must be completely free. Any system today is encumbered by vested interests, many of which can be traced back to an economic concern. Why not bring that out into the open?
Would you subscribe to a traffic court where penalties were based on how much economic damage your behavior caused? In a way, you already do!
You'll be thinking that way about all manner of legal issues after reading this book. A good addition to anyone's shelf, especially those of us who enjoy a philosphical reality check.
The use of economic tools and ideas to analyze and understand legal systems is a relatively new idea. Yet as you'll discover when reading this book, it is a very GOOD idea. One that yields immediate and satisfying results. The book places modern legal systems in their proper historical context. It compares private and public methods of handling a variety of legal issues and disputes.
What does economics have to do with law? Suppose legislators propose that armed robbers receive life imprisonment. Editorial pages applaud them for getting tough on crime. Constitutional lawyers raise the issue of cruel and unusual punishment. Legal philosophers ponder questions of justness. An economist, on the other hand, observes that making the punishment for armed robbery the same as that for murder encourages the muggers to kill their victims (since they are less likely to be caught if there are no surviving witnesses). This is the cut-to-the-chase quality that makes economics not only applicable to the interpretation of law, but beneficial to its crafting.
Buy this book or steal your friend's copy. It, along with David Friedman's other works, are well worth reading.
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I would not have read this book except for it's intriguing cover and my ongoing interest in the subject of fertility (I wrote my Master's Thesis on the nexus between female fertility and labor force participation). Following my reading of Clara Pinto Correra's OVARY OF EVE, and McElvaine's EVE'S SEED, this book seemed a natural fit, and Friedman has filled in some important remaining gaps in my education. I had no idea men took their penises so seriously. I recomend this book to sociologists, demographers, psychologists, urologists, and just about anyone who is interested in the penis or contemplating taking Viagra.
Gosh, I must be naive, but I had no idea men had suffered so much. I knew women had suffered and are still suffering all over the world (particularly in Muslim countries) but whereas women have suffered from the pain inflicted upon them (by men), men inflict pain -- on themselves, young boys, women, young girls and animals -- all for the sake of an erection it would seem. Reading this book requires a strong stomach.
Freidman has covered every possible angle from which the penis can be examined -- war, mythology, politics, physiology, poetry and literature, psychology, medicine, religion. He begins his book with an exploration into the perspectives of the ancients towards the penis -- Egypt and the Osirus myth (he lost his penis); Greece and the cult of male love (homo); Roman manhood (hetero and homo but only if one is the penetrator not the penatratee); the Bible (forget it), circumcision (ouch), Gilgamesh (off with it), the Jews (dead giveaway). Next comes the CHURCH from Augustine (forget it) and Julian the Orthodox (I wish I had been raised Orthodox); Thomas Aquinis and later the Protestants including those heads of the English Catholic Church -- Henry the VIII and James I (conflicted to say the least). Friedman then tackles science and medicine. He summarizes the work of Correra Pinto and other excellent sources who have written extensively on the history of human fertility research. He discusses the anatomical work of Leonardo da Vinci (is there anything he did not take apart??); He covers the Freudians (introspection and cocaine) including Stekel and other psychoanalysts who studied male frigidity; He summarizes the machinations of a raft of medical quacks, simpletons, sex-crazed misfits and other degenerates who did BAD things to unsuspecting males and females in the name of medicine and medical research.
The last part of the book, pure investigative journalism, is a succinct and well written summary of the search for a medical cure for impotence. He describes the involvement of academe and physicians with the drug industry; stock investors like Bill Gates and Ross Perot (and you thought it was a military-industrial complex!); the Viagra trials (yes, this drug is still being "tried" -- no one knows the long-term effects); and many other contemporary angles and issues including the feminsts perspectives on the topic of male penises.
I enjoyed the book and I'm glad I read it, but it left me a bit sad. I really hope and still believe that there are men who don't think the one-eyed-jack is the most important thing in the world -- a world where females and children are destitute, starving, in bondage, overworked and abused.
The first chapter, The Demon Rod, explores the moral view of the penis as it developed from ancient times through Christianized Western European thought. Is the penis a gift of the gods or man's link with the devil? This is the question that is explored in this chapter. From the phallic cults of ancient Sumer, Egypt, Greece and Rome, through the Jewish circumcision pact, to the demonization of the penis by Christian thinkers like Augustine, the role of the penis in the relationship of man to his god is explored.
Chapter Two, The Gear Shift, starts with Leonardo da Vinci's anatomical dissections and examines the early attempts of western science to discover the biological rather than the mythical aspects of the penis. The period covered is the 16th through the 19th century. Most of the science, though well-intentioned, is colored by the moral thinking of the time. Although much is learned, many false theories coexist with newly discovered anatomical facts.
The next chapter is called The Measuring Stick and is a look at the theories surrounding Racism and penis size. It outlines the history of the belief that males of African heritage have greater penile size than any other race. From Noah to Mapplethorp, the fascination and fear associated with this concept and the racial theories that developed along side it are well laid out.
The Cigar is Chapter Four and it explores the influence of the penis on Freud and psychoanalytical thought. Here we move from the physical manifestation of the penis to its effects on the psyche, both in the individual and the culture. With quotes from Freud's writings, we see his development of the theories of the Oedipus Complex and the vaginal orgasm, and their effects on modern society.
Chapter Five, entitled The Battering Ram, is a look at the feminist reaction of the 1960s to the Freudian emphasis on the penis and vaginal orgasm. These feminist thinkers shift the focus to the clitoris as the center of satisfying sexual relationships for women. From Betty Friedan's The Feminine Mystique to Andrea Dworkin's Pornography, the link between the penis and sexual violence in feminist writings is outlined in wonderful detail.
The final chapter, The Punctureproof Balloon returns to the physiological study of the penis that started in chapter two. However, this chapter picks up with the 19th Century with its quacks and misinformed physicians and takes us up to the present day's modern medical marvels. Here we see urologists taking the study of impotence away from psychoanalysts and developing medical treatments. This is a wonderful historic outline of the creation and cultural impact of Viagra and other pharmaceutical treatments for Erectile Dysfunction.
All in all this is a fascinating popular treatment of a topic that tends to either not be discussed or is discussed so informally as to have little regard for the facts. This book tells it all and backs up the facts with 35 pages of Notes to the bibliographic sources. To help the reader find the facts a 12 page Index ends the book. Eight pages of black and white pictures illustrate some of the topics described in the book. This book is entertaining and informative reading for anyone who has ever wanted to know about this organ and its role in society.
The book has 4 parts. Part 1 is devoted to defending Human Rights in property. Part 2 is devoted to ideas for reducing the influence of goverment. The chapter "Buckshot for a Socialist Friend" is precious. Part 3 is an exploration of how a society might exist without a state, along with an admission that this might not always be possible. Finally, Part 4 is addressed to Libertarians in general.
This book touches quite a bit on the issues that most libertarian anarchists find difficult to deal with, such as national defense and polycentric law. A good critique of government education is also offered as well as a two part section on monopolies. As a seasoned libertarian, I most enjoyed the postscript, which focuses on more advanced topics like private currency, law and econ, and anarchist politics.
In sum, I highly recommend this book to anyone interested in anarcho-capitalism, from those new to political philosophy to well versed freedom fighters.
Friedman's distrust of intellectual orthodoxy and his distaste for complacency come through everywhere, as he systematically sketches out his ideas about the society he thinks would leave the vast majority of the world's inhabitants better off. Not infinitely better off -- there are no utopian dreams here -- but materially and spiritually better off.
Central to Friedman's thought is the notion that governments are finite, constrained institutions like any others -- hardly the infallible entities for which we simply design outcomes. Whenever someone says 'There's a case for government intervention here,' the implicit assumption is that the intervention will be done flawlessly and properly. That's not always, or even often, the case -- intervention has to be viewed as a tradeoff. If it makes little sense to assume that there are perfect markets, then it makes even less sense to assume that there are perfect governments. Friedman makes a convincing case that we should rarely, if ever, expect government to produce better outcomes than the market does, simply because of the different incentives those two processes present individuals.
I am not entirely persuaded by Friedman's argument, but I would be hard-pressed to give a good reason therefor. That means I am not thinking clearly, which is hardly Friedman's fault. At the risk of sounding redundant, I can't recommend this book highly enough.
Overall, I was very disappointed in this book.
The book begins with devastating attacks being carried out on Federation colonies. At first the only point of the attacks appears to be the destruction of Federation sites. However, after a great deal of investigation, the purpose turns out to be much more sinister. The Enterprise engages the raiders and just manages to defeat them after learning of their origins.
This is one of the better books in the Star Trek series and I found it difficult to put it down.
As Kirk and crew, minus Uhura, speed off to save another Federation world suffering from an unknown space attack, only to find the worlds completely devastated. Ready adventure is apparent when the attacking fleet severly damages the Enterprise and make their escape.
But, Spock finds something of great interest that could make a difference in the fate of the Federation, let alone the Enterprise. Uhura is on a mission of her own... making this a two story adventure... working the plots of these stories together, the readers get a better picture of the adventure.
This is solid classic TREK told well and written to keep your interest with an ending only found in the TREK universe.
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If you are an economic's student, the book will help to add to the learning involved in thinking about economic issues since it uses an "economic naturalist" approach. Economic naturalism attempts to help students to "see" the principles of economics at work in every day life. Friedman uses numerous examples like babies, dating and rush hour traffic to help explain human behavior through the lens of economic thought. His analogies are often humorous and well-supported by basic theory learned in micro 101, but I found myself bored with many of the graphs that he uses to support his examples (and I have taught economics for two years to college sophomores). The book would have been much more fun if Friedman dispensed with the charts and micro jargon, assuming that the reader understands the theory. If you don't understand it, don't waste your time with this book. The analogies will be interesting, but the supporting theory will seem tedious.
But, if you are a student of economics or a professor looking for a compendium of great examples to use in class (or a supplement to the text you are using), this book holds much potential. If you have never taken an economics course, I would look for another book.
The mainstream media still does not understand international trade in even the most basic way. This is amazing and distressing to me. I was glad to see the author compare this to still accepting the ancient Ptolemiac view of astronomy. Please folks, read ANY economist about foreign trade, what is NOT true is the imports=bad, exports=good notion despite the claims of bumper stickers (Buy American) and politicians (Pat Buchannon). Journalists, please research this issure a bit before you speak!
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In the meantime, Riker askes Data to check out a holodeck program he's been working on while he's gone. I must say that Data's portraial is innacurate, and I find it hard to belive Data could be so inept(for his standards) at Baseball, and understanding the rules. Still, it's an interresting sub-plot which breaks up the intensity of Rikers mission.
Once underway, Riker and his partner on the planet discover a web of decit and criminal activity. To top it off, someone is now on to Riker and his partner and he's a target from people who want to keep the Fortune's Light hidden, as well as other plots which have far reaching consequences.
A decent, but not great book.
As this plot unfolds, William Riker is working on a baseball holodeck program and is called away to the surface of Dante Maxima Seven where the government is controlled by huge social/economic entites that control the general population, to find his friend Teller Conlon. Riker leaves the baseball program in the holodeck and Data tries it out. This plot gives Data a real workout with all of the baseball speak and the nuances of the game as Data tries to understand and play the game.
Both plots were well-written as they kept the readers interest, for two unlikely plots to blend together and form the backbone of the book's plots, they melded quite well. This book is well-toughtout as well as well-written and you can tell it by the way the book flows. The only thing that I can't see is Riker being a detective... he's more like a bull in a chna store type who's rough and tumble antics get him out of a lot of tight spots, but Friedman used this quality to an advantage as Riker is teamed up with a local woman who's sole purpose is to help Riker investigate and they run into a lot of impediments along the way. Riker is no "Columbo" but he gets the job done with action-adventure following along with the mystery.
I gave the book only four stars as the character development was a little shallow at times and the plot was rather predictable. Only for those reasons, otherwise the story flowed well and you were entertained as you read on it the book.
I suppose it is unfair to actually say that the plots are BAD. They do not, however, resonate with me at all. The primary plot is a detective and mystery fiction plot in which Riker has to unravel a mystery on a planet where a friend of his has disappeared, allegedly after stealing a priceless artifact. I'm not universally opposed to detective fiction, but I generally find that they don't work overwell as Star Trek plots, and I certainly don't see Riker as a viable Sam Spade type. Further, this plot just seemed rather blase, and it truly required exceptionally adroit writing to get me to care about it. In a way, I never did, but in spite of that, I found it difficult to put the book down toward the end, so Friedman must have been doing something right.
Furthermore, the secondary plot involved Data playing "major league" baseball on the holodeck, trying out a program that Riker had written for himself just before being called away on his mission. Again, I don't necessarily object to sports stories; one of my favorites is "If I Never Get Back", by Darryl Brock. But I don't much care for holdeck stories in general, even if they are merely subplots and not the major focus of the story, nor do I generally care for the "Data does something offbeat in an attempt to learn more about what it means to be human, and in the course of doing so, commits many amusingly silly faux-pas" type of story, of which this was certainly one. In fact, I generally don't believe that baseball and Star Trek mix well; it's one of the things that cause me to grit my teeth whenever it's brought into play in Deep Space Nine due to Ben Sisco's hobby. I certainly disliked the episode "Take Me Out To The Holodeck" about as much as I've disliked any Star Trek episode in any series.
So imagine my confusion to discover that I was actually enjoying the scenes in that subplot also, in spite of the fact that Friedman's apparent knowledge of baseball is somewhat limited, and his claim that both Data and Geordi would have difficulty understanding the concept of a curveball somewhat dubious.(I realize that for years engineering types swore that it was an optical illusion, because it was physically impossible. But those days are ALREADY behind us; certainly, engineers from three or four hundred years in the future should have no difficulty with the concept. Nor do I believe that it would be all that difficult for Data to track the trajectory of a curveball and hit it soundly.)
I find that I can't in good conscience give less that four stars to a book so well written as to be enjoyable and even captivating in spite of a basic concept that I simply can't see the point to, but neither can I give five stars to a book with such an unattractive concept. If you find the idea of mixing detective fiction AND spectator sports fiction with your Star Trek fascinating, you'll certainly love this book. If, as I did, you find either or both of these concepts seriously dubious, you might still like it. But if you're unwilling to deal with the cognitive dissonance produced by enjoying such an unattractive story concept, steer clear of this one.