In a career spanning three decades, having only the resources of a small third-world country (though with powerful international friends), Vo Nguyen Giap managed to bring the armies of two major Western powers to their knees. MacDonald tells us the military and some of the political story of this remarkable leader.
What is missing is the personal side. Except for a little information surrounding his first wife's death and his second marriage, the book is silent on Giap's private life. It would be fascinating to know more of this man as a person, but apparently Giap was unwilling to discuss personal matters with MacDonald. Perhaps this is just Vietnamese reticence, but there is no real insight into the man himself.
The political Giap is only a little more fully drawn. The blank spots here are a function of Vietnamese and Communist ways of thinking. Giap was a member of a collective leadership which took the collective part very seriously; no policy or initiative is attributed to an individual, only to the complete Politburo. A few hints of personal positions, a vague suggestion of a possible difference of opinion, and the screen of the collective solid front descends again.
Though primarily a biography of Giap, the book is also a history of the series of armed struggles in Indochina beginning in the late 1930s. The Japanese invasion, the French war (which MacDonald calls the Indochina war), and finally the war with the U. S. are all described tersely but clearly. It is refreshing and revealing to read an account which is designed neither to justify nor excoriate the U. S., but instead is a sober report on the facts.
Especially as the U. S. and Vietnam approach normal relations and as U. S. investment and interest in Vietnam increase, this is a useful and valuable book.
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In its wake we have seen serious efforts by the country's political elite to develop viable and legitimate institutions, but political instability and executive incompetence has impaired the psot-Suharto transition. The military has attempted to play a background role, yet it is still vastly influential in civilian politics; the eruptions in Aceh and Borneo, as well as inter-religious and ethnic strife, will make the military more central to the stability of the country as a whole.
This RAND report starts with two generalized scenarios for Indonesia's possible future: 1) Successful transition; 2) Centrifugal disintegration.
Right off the bat, the study correctly identifies the implications for longterm US policymaking: the stability of the Southeast Asian region will directly impact the extension of China, and consequently impact the meaning of US-China relations. Thus, Indonesia's future not only has vital implications for a huge, disparate country with lots of resources and a huge population, but also implications for geopolitical relations among two great power for years to come.
The study gives a brief historical sketch of the political (mis)rule of Wahid, et al; a study of individual separatist movements; possible futures for Indonesia and the consequences for the future of the region as a whole. A brief section on militant separatist movements in Thailand and the Philippines is also included; which is very intelligent since ethnic and religious identities transcend national borders.
The book ends with the implication for US policy, and the necessity for US-Indonesian military relations. This is somewhat inadequate, both for the two-dimensionality of the political recommendations, and RAND's institutional habit of considering Air Force concerns first, and the concerns for defense policy as tertiary to this. The involvement of US Army special forces in the country -and the political implications of that- as well as the extreme importance of the US Navy as the Great Balancer in Asian geopolitics, is not treated.
Thus study's background work is typical RAND: incisive, concise, and useful. Their recomendations are typically rote and two-dimensional as well.
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What makes this work different is that it doesn't pull punches in terms of 'political correctness'. It might therefore upset the odd Frenchman, the occasional American (or even some Japanese readers). Those that might have pre-conceived or ill-informed notions as to the role of their respective nations in the various wars in Vietnam during Giap's years as a commander.
It should be required reading at Army Staff Colleges, such as Leavenworth (if it isn't already) and France's Ecole Militaire at St.Cyr, where it probably is not, although it seems that there is a french translation.
In all, a thought provoking title, and well worth a read by those interested in the subject from whatever angle.