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" conveys the essential message of Sufism and its wisdom for human behavior Muhtar Holland, one of the best translators into English. has made this especially readable " - Link International Islamic Newsletter Regarded by many as the most important work in Islamic spirituality of our time, the lrshad appears for the first time in English translation. The work charts the Sufi spiritual path and discipline through discourse and dialogue, story and prayer, scriptural commentary and spontaneous mystical teachings in worship and action The spirit of the work is reflected in the words of the author:
O my Generous Master' You created this servant of Yours and brought him into being from a drop of water I do not even have the right to say I love You, and yet I do love You. I always remember You I know that even my being able to remember.
You is also due to Your guidance. My mentioning Your Name of Majesty left me drunk, bewildered, and amazed. Is it possible to imagine anyone in this world loving the Divinity and not becoming intoxicated with such affection ? So great a blessing is affection that even if its possessor should stray into the wilderness, the fire of his love would not allow him to feel the heat of the desert. Should the lover fall into the fire, the heat of his love would extinguish that fire. The fire of love would cause the poles and glaciers to melt. If mountains and boulders were piled upon the back of the lover, the fire of his love would prevent his feeling the weight of the load. Affection makes a person forget about hunger and thirst, and keeps him on the road of love. '
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"Man and Nature" is an invaluable work in thatit puts the current madness of technology, capitalism, globalism, and"progress" into a proper perspective. Rather than picking atthe surface manifestations of the problem, Professor Nasr explores thehistorical developments that created the problem in the firstplace. He identifies a time when the West, the bastion of"progress" and technology, once had some respect fornature. This respect was part of a metaphysical view of a much morecomprehensive cosmology of the universe. This respect, thoughincomparable to the more natural metaphysics of Eastern cultures, wasnevertheless an historical fact of pre-Rennaissance Westerncosmology. Unfortunately, with the advent of the modern science andthe materialism of rationalists like Francis Bacon, the West lost thisrespect for nature and all metaphysical thought along with it. Bacon'scall to dominate nature for the benefit of human beings replaced theolder metaphysics as the dominant philosophy and remains sotoday. What is left is man at the center of the universe, who becomesthe object of unconditional worship, and to him is given the ritualsacrifice of nature.
Professor Nasr points to the metaphysical viewof nature in Eastern religions, arguing that a heirarchy of reality isa universal, indeed objective, truth. That such metaphysics of aheirarchy of reality, though not all exactly alike, was shared by allof the world's religions, including Christianity. The West should looknot only to its past (St. Francis of Assisi called his people towitness the mystery God in nature) but also to the East, to regain ametaphysical understanding of the world. The West should notcompromise with sell-out thelogians...who attempted to incorporateevolution into Christian theology. Such attempts yield"metaphysical absurdities and theological heresies" and onlylubricate the machine.
As insightful as this book is, I did feelthat it was somewhat lacking in answering the problem. Identifying theproblem isn't enough. Professor Nasr does state that we need toestablish a science of metaphyics and a philosophy of science andtechnology to check the current madness and put human endeavors in aproper context. However, this science of metaphyisics is not found inthe book and no specific reference is given to a book that doescontain such an elaboration. (The book does contain several pages ofuseful footnotes, but on this specific point no direction is providedby the author.) Another problem I found with the book is the call forthe West to revive the metaphysical science that once existed inpre-Rennaissance Christianity. Such a notion is not likely, asChristianity itself is no longer part of the establishment of Westernculture. Aside from the lay masses who still practice Christianitylike sheep, the intellectual classes simply have divorced themselvesfrom religion altogether. So, to call for a revival of an extinctaspect of a religion that is now officially defunct (I mean in theofficial domains) is to me futile. Rather, I would advocate theintroduction of Eastern metaphysics into the dry, spiritless cultureof the West, rather than appealing to the corpse ofChristianity.
Regardless, I still found the book to beintellectually invaluable. Seyyed Hossain Nasr is a powerful andinspiring mind. He not only stands apart from Muslim thinkers, but towers over Western thinkers with considerable force.
Seyyed Nasr main thrust in correcting Christianity's loss of sapiential wisdom or gnosis is to turn to the eastern traditions like Tantra or Taoist alchemy. However considering the animosity that mainstream churches have towards the other spiritual traditions this is not likely to occur for a number of reasons.
1) The Christians who've adopted other methods are considered marginal at best, heretics at worst. Just try promoting yoga at your local highschool and see what happens. A current example would be Thomas Merton. He came closet to what Seyyed Nasr is asking. Still to many Christians he is considered an apostate.
2) Christianity in many instances has been reduced to down to after life fire insurance policy and God being a banker and greengrocer to the elect. Just get 'saved' and thats it.
3) Christian intellectual tradition is so bad nowadays as to be non-existent. So bad it took a devout Moslem to write about what should have been obvious to any Christian leader with a functioning brain.
4)To recreate a gnosis within Christianity it would take man whose a "finished student" of say Tantra and had the intellectual capacity and church authority to integrate these teachings in a seemless manner. Plus establish a living transimission. No small task.
What I even more amazing is that this book was first written in 1967 and is better than most of the recent writings on this problem including: Ken Wilbers Sense and Soul and Robert Ornstein's 'The AxeMakers Gift".
Overall it is a very informative and a easy read that one can keep comming back to and learning something new.
If you like E.F. Schumacher, Huston Smith, Gregory Bateson, Jacob Needleman, you will enjoy this book. I would also include anyone who is concerned about what is happening in the world via the loss of faith, runaway technology and destruction of the planet we live upon.
BTW the references section is a excellent starting point for further research.
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The photography is nothing short of stunning, and there is little that is not covered, so that one gets a good sense of the topography, the rites, and of course, the pilgrims.
An essential book not only for Muslims, but perhaps even more for non-Muslims looking to understand one of the world's great faiths.
I will never, as a non-Muslim, be able to visit the holy cities, but this book was the next best thing. Flawless.
An introductory essay gives a brief description of the historical expansion of the buildings around the Kaaba and the Holy Tomb. Colorful views of the rituals of the pilgrimage provide Westerners with an insight into this essential ritual of Islam. I especially appreciate the photos of Muslims from around the world as they gather together in pilgrimage.
It is a book I have chosen to share with friends and family to increase their understanding of Islam.
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One thing to note: this is more a book on the academic and theoretical aspects of Islam, such as divine law, the Qur'an, Sunni vs. Shi'i Islam, etc. It doesn't cover the day to day beliefs and practices of your average Muslim. So for someone who wants to learn about the 2nd largest religion in the world, this is definitely one of the books to get. But it might be good to get another one to read in conjunction, one that covers what Muslims themselves are like, such as "American Muslims" or "The Complete Idiot's Guide to Islam."
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This book provides a comprehensive insight into Islamic Patterns in a clear and concise way. I have used this book on a number of occasions when I have needed inspiration for drawings, paintings and even for works of management strategy - curiously enough. It has a wonderful way of both focusing and relaxing the mind that seems to encourage channeled creativity.
regards,
martyn_jones@iniciativas.com
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Well, here is a book by and about probably the greatest Islamic scholar in world, Seyyed Nasr. On page 260, he emphasizes that "the modern world [meaning the West] is essentially evil and accidentally good," whereas the traditional world (to which Islamic fundamentalists wish us to return) is "essentially good and accidentally evil."
Now, I have no doubt whatsoever that Nasr himself is not an evil or violent man. However, what he fails to understand is that this type of disgusting rhetoric is embraced by other Muslims as a warrant for genocide. In other words, if something is "essentially evil," for example, Naziism, we are not only permitted to destroy it, but morally compelled to do so. Bin Ladin is in full agreement with Nasr that the West is "essentially evil," which is why he not only feels no compunction in slaughtering thousands of innocents, but is utterly convinced that he has advanced the cause of good (and God) in the world. How could it be otherwise?
Professor Nasr ought to have the courage of his convictions, and leave the "evil" civilization, the United States, that has warmly embraced him since he fled Iran some twenty-three years ago. Better yet, he ought to get on his knees every day and thank Allah that he is not condemned to live in a Muslim theocracy where his foolish ideas are put into evil practice.
This particular work draws together a wide range of responses to Nasr's writings from scientists, philosophers, and scholars of religion that are both highly laudatory and scathingly critical.
The extent of Nasr's influence can be judged by the academic, religious, and cultural diversity of the contributers.
Of special interest to those who are familiar with Nasr's philosophical vision already is that many of the arguments raised against his understanding of the "sophia perennis" are responded to here in one form or another through Nasr's exhaustive replies to each essay.
The only major shortcoming to this work is the absence of a contribution addressing some of the theological and philosophical problems surrounding Nasr's belief in a transcendent and esoteric unity of religions. This particular aspect of the Iranian philosopher's thought has sparked a considerable degree of dialogue among Muslims, much of it, no doubt, ridden by misunderstandings. A contribution by a non-perennialist Traditionalist such as the Shadhili Sufi Shaikh, Nuh Keller, or the Ba Alawi Cambridge professor, Abdul-Hakim Murad, would have completed this excellent volume.
Perhaps the editors did consider including a critical essay of this nature, but deemed it outside the field of the book, which is after all concerned with philosophy per se. But if there is anything one gets from Nasr, it is that philosophy and religion, conceived in the traditional sense, exist through a symbiotic interdependency: Religion provides a concrete method for the existential realization or "tahqiq" of philosophical truths whereas philosophy provides the Intellectual basis for religion.
Because Nasr's truly holistic worldview necessitates the mutual dependence of religion and philosophy, the absence of a critical essay questioning the legitimacy of Nasr's perennial philosophy from a theologically Islamic vantage point, (since that is the tradition through which he speaks), can't but be seen as a deficiency in an otherwise comprehensive collection of articles.
Finally, some readers might be troubled by Nasr's criticisms of modernity, such as his claim that the "the modern world is essentially evil and accidentally good," whereas the traditional world is "essentially good and accidentally evil." These statements have to be understood in the broader context of his philosophy.
For Nasr, the traditional world was pervaded by a tremendous sense of the Sacred and the Absolute, whereas the inception of modernity involved precisely the severing off of that awareness, resulting in what Max Weber would later dub the "disenchantment of the world."
Nazism was as much a product of that disenchantment as was secular liberalism, fascism, communism, and colonialism. All of these ideological strains were products of the Enlightenment. Modern day religious terrorism, guided as it is by a desire for a modern utopian state through the use of sophisticated modern weaponry and strategy is simply another expression of Modernity with the unique feature that it employs the symbology of religion.
Nasr has been an unrelenting opponent of Islamic fundamentalism in all its forms throughout his career because he sees it as a somewhat vigilante reactionary movement operating within the paradigm of the modern nation state, but even more so, because it lacks a well thought out metaphysical basis rooted in a traditional Muslim understanding of the world which respects both nature and human dignity.
To say then that Nasr's religiously based critique of modernity translates into a tacit endorsement of political terrorism is not only a gross misrepresentation of his outlook, but an indictment against one's own capacity to understand.
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Much of knowledge claimed in this book to be of Islamic origin was simply the translation of Greek, Pahlavi (Persian), Indian and Egyptian books by Egyptians, Persians, Indians and some Arabs to Arabic. And the later progresses were based on them.
If you look at the biography of these famous so-called Muslim scientists like Khayyam, Avecina, Averos, Arrazi, Khawrizmi etc. most of them one way or another had been accused of apostasy or infidelity during their lifetime. I don't know how somebody for instance could associate Khayyam with Islam or any other religion in that matter!!
The contents of this book even the title of it is as absurd and as preposterous as trying to associate the scientific advancements made in today's US research and educational institutes to Pat Robertson, Jerry Falwel and Church of Jesus Christ, simply because all of the scientists there, are born Christians.
The Islamic world is drowned in ignorance and misery. Not a single contribution is being made to the progress of science, technology, art, humanity, etc. by these people, the only gift is terrorism.
The author maliciously downplays the role of modernity in today's people's lives. I guess he wants to have an Islamic government run over all today's civilized world, may be something like Taliban to implement all the Islamic codes and culture.
Well sorry pal that's not possible. But the important point is that the author himself is an immigrant or a refugee who fled the Islamic culture of his own birthplace, that's the irony.
Islam is in danger because of the clearly false tenets that it can no longer defend in the light of day. Case in point, the Bukhari Hadith in which Mohammed expressly and unambiguously states that "women are dificient in intellect." This is what is known in science as a testable hypothesis, it can be tested and proven true or false. Everywhere this assertion is proven false, over and over and over again. Given this, Mohammed's credibility is shattered. This is the culture that sanctifies domestice violence, polygamy and the suppression of the female intellect. The uprising of Islamic fervor is just a protest against the end of an era, an unsustainable ideology coming to an end, all for the world's good.