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The authors do seem to be supporters of the pseudoscience astrology, although they never make a case for it in this book.
Astrology is supposedly based on the movements of the heavens, but I have never met an astrologer who even begun to understand Kepler's laws or Einstien's relativity equations, all which describe the movements of the heavens.
Two technical errors in the book: They say (p72) that Pluto is bigger than Mercury. No, Mercury is over twice the size of Pluto.
P. 43 says there were 3 kings in the Christmas story - a common misconception. Technically, it doesn't say how many, which is why some traditions hold many more.
A note on p 105: They mention the "unknown God" that Paul refers to in Acts. They are apparently unware of the historical records which suggest this monument to the unknown god was dedicated to the God of Christianity years before Paul arrived after this God performed miracles for people in the area. An interesting look into biblical authencity that the author's overlooked.
The really outstanding part of this book is the section on Sacred Alignments. The astronomical designs and spiritual purposes of twenty seven ancient sites are explored. In addition to the obvious ones like The Great Pyramid, Stonehenge & Avebury, the book explains the layouts of such far flung power centers as Hashihaka in Japan, Vijayanagara in India, the Cahokia mound complex in Illinois, the Chaco Canyon "Ancient Ones" area in the Four Corners region, and several South American sites including Machu Picchu. Just enough to stimulate one's curiousity for more learning.
These wise, ancient peoples experienced the world in ways that are difficult for us to know. But we must try. To do so, we have to get past our limited geo-political views. Gaia deserves no less. The sky belongs to no one. The sky belongs to everyone.
Bob Rixon
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I've just started my adventures and I'm looking forward to more.
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However, the treatment of linguistic issues (on which I am best equipped to comment) is relatively poor. This is partly because, although Devereux begins with a brief survey of pre-scientific and 'deep fringe' claims about the settlement of the Americas, he has relatively little to say about recent 'shallow fringe' and near-fringe diffusionists - many of whom have made heavy use of epigraphic and philological material - or their opponents. The names of key diffusionists such as Fell, Kelley and McGlone do not appear in his index. Neither do those of their skeptical critics such as Feder. In Chapters 6 and 9 and in short passages elsewhere he does raise some of the relevant cases, but the reader does not obtain a very satisfactory view of how these cases have been played out. There are in fact too many inadequately referenced statements. And indeed a careful survey would certainly lead to the conclusion that all linguistically based claims about migrations in the more recent but pre-Viking past are on very dubious footings. Diffusionists should seek better evidence elsewhere (but see below).
This is not to say that Devereux's treatment is not useful. For instance, in Chapter 6, Devereux discusses alleged Ogham inscriptions and the Bat Creek Stone; while not mentioning Fell, Gordon, McGlone et al. or their prominent critics, he does refer to the open-minded skepticism of Reynolds and Ross on the former case and to Kirk's relatively little-known skeptical work on the other. But there are large gaps here, considering the heavy use made of linguistic arguments by many diffusionists.
In addition, Devereux accepts (as at least plausible; sometimes as established) some diffusionist positions on language matters which are supported only by tiny minorities of qualified linguists (if any) or by amateur enthusiasts with no knowledge of current linguistic thought. For instance, very few linguists have been persuaded by Xu's claims of links between the Olmec and the Shang Chinese scripts. Positive references to these claims are found mainly in the work of Afrocentrists (not even all of these), creationists, rank amateurs like Matlock, etc. Xu does not appear to be very familiar with epigraphic or historical linguistic methodology, and Devereux is too easily impressed. Three key points here are: a) The meanings of Olmec symbols are not known, as Olmec has not been persuasively deciphered; thus one cannot be sure that any pairs of Olmec and non-Olmec symbols have the same meanings. b) Many of the symbols used by Xu are pictographic and as such liable to be independently invented. c) The odds in favour of short words and simple symbols - even non-pictographic ones - being independently invented are demonstrably MUCH better than Xu and Devereux seem to believe. Actually, most non-linguists who write about such matters make this last crucial error. (Many anthropologists would argue that similar errors vitiate many diffusionist arguments based on non-linguistic data such as legends or artefacts - some of which Devereux also rehearses.)
Of course, some of the diffusionist proposals discussed are not (or no longer) to be seen as dramatic. It was mainstream scientists, not fringe diffusionists, who identified Kennewick Man as probably non-Amerindian and thus anomalous. And on a broader front it is now quite usual to find the view that humans were in the Americas some time before 12,000 BP expressed by mainstream scholars. Crawford's use of linguistic data (at a rather general level) to support the genetic and other non-linguistic data that point in this direction will not be seen as threatening. On the other hand, more specific claims about more recent links between specific Asian and American language families (as rehearsed by Wells in his recent book) are typical of the fringe and of mavericks such as Ruhlen (see also above).
I realise that Devereux has a specific interest in shamanism, and his discussion of this topic is very interesting (although some of his views are highly controversial). But I am not sure that the facts of such cases point in a strongly diffusionist direction.
"To understand archaic Aztec cosmology, a European thinker has to cross what is probably the widest intellectual gap conceivable between one human mind and another. Holy smoking mirrors! Paul Devereux, only you can help us now. We need to listen to the tribal world voice and this [Mysterious Ancient America] is a book which will tell us how." From Jeremy Harte in 'Third Stone' No. 45, 2003
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The illustrations are stunning, the text well researched, well written and with some subtle tongue in cheek observations as the author debunks some myths and adds depth to others. It is one of those books one wants to dip into again and again and each time some new knowledge emerges.
It is made to be really used too. The book is so robustly put together it will probably end up as a family heirloom.
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"Who owns Stonehenge", is the result of a discussion about the site, at the world Archaeological congress, in Southampton, in 1986, within the larger framework of the question, who owns the past?
Due to the different backgrounds of the authors, this work approaches Stonehenge from five directions, a fact that makes the book more interesting and at the same time less subjective.
The first chapter, written by Christopher Chipindale, an Archaeologist, who also works on the history of ideas about the past, discuss issues of physical Stonehenge, as well as the intellectual history of the place and claims that have been made to it.
The next four chapters contain four individual views: P. Devereux has researched into lays and associated geomantic subjects. He attempts to show the connection of the site to the general picture of sacred ones. Peter Fawler is a professor of Archaeology and talks about aspects of archaeological constrains to the site. Rhys Jones has a particular interest in the sacred sites of the aborigines in Australia and he relates cases from there to Stonehenge. Lastly, Tim Sebastian, the Secular Arch-Druid(!)
These four chapters offer to the reader an interesting chance of thinking about the complex index of Stonehenge, as it is not just an archaeological site, but has a lot more meanings to a variety of many people.
The sixth chapter gives the whole story of the events that occurred there during the 80s and the last chapter looks to Stonehenge of tomorrow and makes some suggestions that concern a multi-purpose view of the site.
Beside the references and the index of names, there is also an additional reading compartment, for those who might want to explore further the themes of this book.
The work is well illustrated, with lot of b&w photographs, drawings, paintings, maps & posters.
"Who owns Stonehenge" is a different way of looking into ancient sites, a way, in which many more sites around the world should be approached, as it is a quite holistic approach, covering, as far it is possible, all aspects of this particular case, from its archaeological importance until administrating problems and social conflicts related to it. The writing of the book allows even to non experts to get the general idea of Stonehenge as an ancient religious and sacred site.
However, it can also be seen as a just good presentation of what Stonehenge really stands for, while a case like that requires further discussion.
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1) There is no such word as "ufology" nor could there ever be. Only someone with the most execrable taste and no understanding
of language or logic whatsoever could proffer such a monstrosity.
2) "U.F.O" stands for "Unidentified Flying Object". Do U.F.O.'s exist? Until the flying objects in question are identified, of course. There is no mystery here. (A large percentage turn out not to have flying at all, so it might have been better to call them "unidentified apparently flying objects" or "unidentified sky phenomena", but at this point we're pretty much stuck with "unidentified flying objects". Oh, well.)
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