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What makes Haik-Vantoura's work so seminal -- and still so controversial? Let me explain. When the Masoretes of Tiberias (fl. 9th-10th centuries) disclosed the musical accents (TE`AMIM) now found in the Hebrew Bible (Masoretic Text), they analyzed the notation from the assumption that the Temple music (which they knew and said the accents represented) and the synagogue music of their own time had essentially the same structure and function. Thus they analyzed the notation on the premise that (like the "primitive" synagogue chant) it was primarily exegetical, secondarily musical; and they used the Hebrew verbal syntax as the "virtual bilingual" (in effect, the "Rosetta Stone") necessary to assign an exegetical function to each accent. The synagogue chants of the Ashkenazim especially have developed in accordance with this analysis.
All the other books you will find sold here on synagogue cantillation assume that the Masoretes' premise was correct. What they won't tell you is that the Masoretic paradigm doesn't explain most of the physical features of the notation or of its relationship to the words. Nor will they tell you that this paradigm was developed from tentative beginnings over several centuries, and that only after the notation itself appeared fully developed and "out of nowhere". How then can the Masoretic paradigm represent the original meaning of the accentuation?
Suzanne Haik-Vantoura's approach was the mirror-image of that of the Masoretes. Like them, she used the Hebrew verbal syntax as the "virtual bilingual" necessary to assign a function to each accent. Unlike the Masoretes, she actually believed what both Jewish tradition and musicological consensus indicate: the accents are primarily musical, secondarily exegetical. The resulting "deciphering key" is the only one possible based on that premise, and it explains all the features the Masoretic paradigm explains plus all the features it does not. (I owe to Masoretic scholar James D. Price the needed clue to correct the interpretation of one rare accent by her key. The correction is not in this book, however, but on my King David's Harp, Inc. Web site.)
The music that results does correlate with some of the oldest synagogue melodies, but unlike them it actually interweaves with the words syntactically. In effect, the Hebrew Bible was created and transmitted as "art song" (compare Psalm 119:54), and every biblical author "from Moses to Malachi (or Chronicles)" was a "poet-composer". The music theory behind the reconstructed music correlates on many levels with what we know of ancient music (including harp tuning and playing techniques), and has similarities with Gregorian chant on the one hand and Indian ragas on the other; yet it has a harmonic structure (especially in Psalms) which was not rediscovered in Western music until at least the Renaissance. Thus, thanks to Haik-Vantoura's work, we have the staggering privilege of being able to hear and perform music that sounds surprisingly modern, yet (according to Scripture) is up to 3,400 years old.
The notation itself is a transcription of a method of conducting music by means of hand- and finger-gestures (chironomy). An entire chapter of the book is devoted to the subject. After the book's publication, I set myself to reconstructing the chironomy behind the written accentuation, beginning with historical indications cited in the book. (Again, the system of chironomy is only documented online to date.)
The above results do not sit well with all rabbis, cantors, musicologists and Masoretic scholars. Yet everyone who has followed the late Haik-Vantoura's logic correctly (and there have been many) have supported her conclusions. You will find a long list of such people (and even some praise by "hostile reviewers") at the end of her book.
Haik-Vantoura herself died on Simchat Torah, October 22, 2002, after publishing or overseeing a total of eight recordings and numerous musical scores comprising some 5,000 verses (about one-fourth) of the Hebrew Bible. Most of this material is listed in the back of the book. Much of it is only available overseas (some via online sites) or is out of print. (Please note too that the contact information for King David's Harp, Inc. given in the book is outdated.)
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The bad news. The book's approach to logic is a bit on the old fashioned side. Much of the material on traditional logic could have been omitted. The book shares a flaw that is sadly all too common: trivial propositions take 20-40 lines to prove. The refutation tree or natural deduction machinery of this and other contemporary books is far too ponderous. This book, like all too many books in the philosophical logic tradition, devotes time to topics that leave me cold, such as modal logic. Meanwhile, it slights or omits topics that fascinate me, such as mereology, the isomorphism between truth functors and Boolean algebra, and metatheory. I like probability and inductive logic and feel that these have a great deal to offer to logic and philosophy, but this book only scratches the surface of these topics. The main comsumers of logic nowadays are computer scientists. It is not at all clear that this book would be of any value to them. On the other hand, this is an excellent book for your typical philosophy major.
mechanics of logic. If you are interested in metalogic
proofs, like the deduction theorem, then don't look here.
This book teaches the basics of logic. It presents logic
in several different ways: using Aristole's version (strictly
for historical reasons), using Venn diagrams, a Hilbert-style
logic (rules to introduce and remove boolean operators), and
semantic tableaux. Also, it first introduces propositional
logic, then it proceeds to predicate logic. The book has
a peculiar approach that it does not introduce functions (not
predicate functions) until much later.
One of the more interesting chapter covers fallacious arguments.
Logical fallacies are noticable in conversation and in your own thinking. You can find fallacies in newspaper articles, political speeches, and your arguments with your loved ones.
My first college course in logic covered the propositional calculus, the final exam involved solving argument forms for validity. This book covers propositional calculus in a chapter, before it goes on to the predicate calculus in two following chapters. You need mathematics skills to handle the pace this book sets, chapter by chapter. You'll find it easier to follow along if you already know some logic. So stick out the earlier chapters to make it through the later chapters. A bonus final chapter gives you a peek at advanced studies in logic, if those might interest you.
The book's explanations are terse. Solved problems and end-of-chapter problems help you learn the material. I don't like that only a quarter of the end-of-chapter problems have solutions you can look up. But the book was great for my needs, so I give it five stars.
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With tropical fruits and Latino veggies and tubers (malanga, yuca, etc) this introduces most of us to an exciting whole new venue of possibilities.
It's all here, drink suggestions and Breads (you've got to try the Yellow Arepas, they're worth the book itself). Amazing array of salsas and mojos, such as Ruby Grapefruit, Shallot and Cilantro Mojo (unblievable flavors).
The offerings here are spectacular, Grilled Flank Steak over Mushroom Ceviche. Who would have thought of that, ceviche applied to small button mushrooms which this guy found in Peruvia through his dad's barber.
Knockout dishes like Original Plantain Coated Mahimahi served with Tamarind Tartar Sauce. Avocado and Pistachio Crusted Gulf Snapper with Black Bean Sauce. Sugarcane Tuna with Malanga Puree and Dried Shrimp Salsa. Mango and Mustard-Glazed Salmon with Calamari Rice.
This review could continue to speak of creative dish after dish. Desserts are equally attractive, with fruit and flans and rice and a neat dish to dazzle your guests from Cuba, Brazo Park Avenue with Banana Mousse.
All nicely packaged by one of the best, Ten Speed Press, with class and style, color photos and rich, vibrant text.
My frontrunner for Latino cooking resource.