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Michele and Krislyn Rhoads
Anaheim, California
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A final note: the author, Father Martin von Cochem, lived during the second half of the 17th century and the first quarter of the 18th century, much before the disastrous Second Vatican Council; the Mass analysed in his work is obviously the eternal Roman Rite Mass - the Tridentine Mass -, not the extravagant New Order Mass of Paul VI; the book can only be fully perceived having that factor in consideration.
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What appears as a scholarly chapter on Southern California tornado risk is itself a yellow journalistic media-style protrayal of the seemingly sudden realization that tornadoes do in fact occur in virtually all of North America, including California. Davis sermonizes a bit on how economically-driven Southern California has committed numerous and regular environmental transgressions, social injustices, and planning blunders (and makes some great observations). However, his interpretation of pure natural hazards -- most notably tornadoes -- reduces this otherwise fascinating book to a parody of itself - and the fallacies of public risk perception that it seeks to address. "Ecology of Fear" consults all the right scientists and cites all the prime literature (e.g. Court, 1980; Hales, 1985; Grazulis, 1993; Monteverdi, 1996 on tornadoes), yet mostly makes all the wrong conclusions (at least about tornadoes).
Labelling Southern California "Our Secret Kansas" is indicative of Davis' obsession with statistical oddities: "The Oklahoma City metropolitan area, considered to have the U.S.' worst urban tornado problem, is hit every 4.0 years. Yet metropolitan Los Angeles is hit at an average of once every 2.2 years, or twice as often." Aside from problems of scale, and a failure to qualify what an "urban tornado problem" is, Davis simply looks at quantitative data with little apparent understanding of the qualitative meaning. He fails to note that tornadoes in California tend to be weak, with NO violent tornado having EVER been recorded in the history of the state! Likewise, California tornadoes are very brief, relative to their Oklahoma cousins and, most importantly, no one has EVER been killed by a tornado in California. The chapter title is somewhat jingoistic as well, as even in Kansas the tornado risk is generally exaggerated by the media. Comparisons of the two states may not quite be like comparing 'apples and oranges,' but is certainly akin to 'oranges and grapefruits.' There may be some similarities, but the key thing is the differences, such as SIZE and impact!
Still, I like the text and it all makes for a very interesting study of hazard perception, media and cultural constructs, and overall representations of the environment. It is a thought-provoking book, fascinating on differing levels -- such as the wide range of material covered, the inclusions and exclusions, and simply in considerations of why the book is so popular. All make for a great study in hazard perceptions and culture. While I am very critical of a few areas, I applaud the effort and Davis' concept of examining the "ecology of fear."
I found "The Dialectic of Ordinary Disaster" and "The Case for Letting Malibu Burn" two of the most enlightening chapters I've read lately. Drawing on the work of a variety of scientists to show that Southern California is a distinctive, cataclysmic environment, Davis shows how "natural" disasters are socially created, and the consequences of this, especially for the poor.
Despite his environmental focus, Davis clearly cares more about human life than anything else. He draws attention, rightly in my view, to the enormous level of local, state, and federal money spent to save celebrity properties in Malibu (not to mention the risk to firemen's lives) and official indifference to the deaths of dozens of immigrants in tenant-house fires in inner-city L.A. Davis implicitly challenges the environmental movement, as well as Americans generally, to rethink our priorities in light of what we know.
A spectacular stylist with an insightful phrase on every page, Mike Davis is not easy to listen to. All the more reason we should pay attention.
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The most touching essay is by Constance Devereaux who writes of her experiences conducting a class inside a Nevada prison, juxtaposed with her finding the body of her murdered husband in their bedroom as a result of a bungled burglary.
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