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As the story unfolds in Winterset, one learns that after the execution of Bartolomeo Romagna, who is modelled after Bartolomeo Vanzetti, a professor writes an article about a possible witness for the defence who was never called to testify at the trial. As a result of this, three men come to New York looking for the key witness, Garth. They all come to New York on a quest: either to expose the truth or to suppress it. The whole plot of the play centers on a detective-like quest and the process of discovering the truth of a murder in which the investigators are drawn to the solving of a mysterious crime and the discovery of the true murderer.
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Ms. Anderson has a beautiful, sensitive nature. She reveals her emotional life with heartbreaking candor. She clearly loves both of her parents, but nonetheless has seen right through some facades. Her famous father comes across as mysterious, remote and controlling. Ms. Anderson pointedly blames the cancer death of the first Mrs. Anderson and the suicide of her mother upon Maxwell Anderson. She reveals some shocking family secrets which she did not discover until after her mother's death. The discovery of those secrets helped bring some closure and understanding for Ms. Anderson. She also works through some painful secrets of her own, including her childhood fascination with an older famous neighbor. This neighbor takes advantage of this fascination with particular cruelty. He has an affair with her during a time of extreme emotional vulnerability, announces that he's getting married (to someone else) and walks out of her life. The final chapters of the book bring with them a sense of reconcilation and forgiveness.
This is not just a memoir of the daughter of a famous family -- by the time you reach the book's end, you've completely forgotten that the people are rich and famous. It is the story of a young girl's emotional journey.
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Her braids were looped back like "hangman nooses." Hangman nooses are the ropes over which a hanged person dies. The hangma itself is the pillory upon which people were hanged.
"Penmark" is a nod to the mark of the pen; the "penmanship improvement medal" is yet another nod to the author's fascination with handwriting. Various references are made to character and penmanship. Rhoda is described as having very neat, precise handwriting.
The vegetation, e.g. the types of trees, plants and flowers mentioned cause one to believe that the Baltimore Penmarks have been relocated to a southern locale.
The movie adaptation of this story (the passable 1956 original and the dreadful 1985 remake) portray Leroy as Caucasian. Yet, in the book, upon reading his dialect and his grumblings about his "sharecropper boyhood," makes one wonder if Leroy is black. The names "Leroy" and "Thelma," his wife have traditionally, but not exclusively been used by black families; their speech patterns also create the impression that possibly they are black. 1950s prejudice often prevailed, so black characters more often than not were peripheral characters at best, stereotypes or villians at worst. Leroy fell into the latter category.
Lastly, Leroy's neighborhood on "General Jackson Street." It is described as a decaying, crumbling neighborhood where "nobody had nothing nice," and Leroy himself didn't have a car, not even something you "couldn't give to the junkman." General Jackson Street sounds like it could be a dividing line among the races in this genteel southern town; it could just simply be a less than satisfactory neighborhood where these characters reside. Leroy has to walk two miles to work at the apartment building where Rhoda lives. "Rich people's children," his wife Thelma calls them. She tells Leroy not to "mess with" these children; she tells him he'll be dragged down to the station house where the police will "kick his teeth in." Although Leroy is never racially identified in the book, the overall description of his character does raise the question of whether or not he was black.
Females, minorities, psychiatry, homosexuality, pedophilia = all of these are powerful themes that are woven into the fabric of this story. Leroy is a pedophile (the author, on the other hand was a pedophobe), Mrs. Breedlove and the Fern Sisters are described in hostile terms; Bessie Denker, Rhoda's maternal grandmother as well as Rhoda herself are the darkest characters in this line up. Hortense Daigle, the mother of Rhoda's slain classmate is portrayed in an unflattering light. Her behavior is quite understandable given the fact that her only child was killed, but I didn't like the way the author described her. She was one of the few sympathetic characters.
Mrs. Breedlove's brother is described as being gay; the Fern Sisters as repressed Victorian women who repressed their sexuality by remaining single and running that school. Freudian themes emerge here -- the sisters repressed sexuality, Emory's repressed homosexuality, Leroy's obsession with Rhoda and Mrs. Breedlove's antics. A bawdy, outspoken woman, Mrs. Breedlove is actually quite funny.
This book is quite a read!
Rhoda Penmark is an eight-year-old girl who is so self-contained, aloof and uncaring that her peers shun her. Rhoda's gentle parents, Kenneth and Christine, know that Rhoda is not exactly like other little girls. When she plays, she never gets dirty. She has trouble expressing genuine affection. On two occasions, a mysterious death has occurred (one involving an elderly lady and the other a pet dog), and Rhoda was the only witness. It turns out that Rhoda had a motive for wanting both the old lady and the dog dead. Is it possible that this innocent looking girl could be a murderess?
Things come to a head when the Penmark family moves to Alabama to start fresh. Kenneth is away on business while Christine tries to cope alone. Rhoda is a student at the Fern grammar school. She covets a gold medal that is given for penmanship at school, but the prize goes to a mamma's boy named Claude Daigle. Rhoda is incredulous and she refuses to accept her defeat. She hounds the boy to give her the medal that she feels is rightfully hers, until at an outing one day, Claude mysteriously drowns. You guessed it. Rhoda is the last person to have seen the boy alive.
The book focuses not so much on Rhoda as it does on her mother, Christine. March lets us observe through Christine's eyes her growing horror, as she realizes that her daughter may very well be a monster. When Christine finds the penmanship medal hidden among Rhoda's things, she is sure that Rhoda must have killed Claude Daigle to get the medal for herself.
March masterfully builds Christine's psychological horror as the book progresses. She learns that there is a secret in her own past that may explain her daughter's warped personality and she cannot bear the burden of guilt which this secret imposes on her.
In the skilled way of good suspense writers, March does not just pile on the horror. "The Bad Seed" has a great deal of humor, much of it centered on the character of Monica Breedlove. She is an insufferable and interfering busybody who talks incessantly and who thinks that she is an expert on psychological analysis. Another memorable character is Leroy, a caretaker who himself is evil and who is obsessed with Rhoda. Leroy recognizes too late that he is no match for the little girl, and that teasing Rhoda can be dangerous to his health.
A few passages in the book are heavy-handed. The author talks through the words of some passersby about the age of violence and anxiety in which we live and March seems to be conveying some message about the potential evil that lurks in all of us. These passages were not necessary, since the story of Rhoda is so filled with horror and dark irony, that it needs no tacked on message. "The Bad Seed" is a classic novel of psychological suspense and horror.
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Maybe this book is nothing more than a glorified coffee table book, but what a fine, colorful one it is. The book is crammed full of beautiful reproductions of some of the finest work America's shores ever produced: Stella, Johns, Pollock, O'Keefe, Lawrence, Benton, Hopper and Calder all recieve detailed representation.
Being personally obsessed with the art of the Depression, I particularly valued the long, detailed chapter contained here.
Many hours have evaporated as I have lost myself in the many rich reproductions. This book, when enjoyed in union with Robert Hughes' excellent "American Visions" (which supplies the much needed rich prose), serves as a fine celebration of America's visual culture. A fine addition to any library.
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