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I highly recommend this book to anyone learning about Gettysburg or who doesn't really have a large understanding of the battle. For those with higher knowledge it may be a great book to use for thought as for example Trudeau doesn't shroud Chamberlain with many high honors while vaguely covering Lee's 2nd Day plan or Longstreet's countermarch. As much as he may not cover some key issues Trudeau does bring to light other interesting points. For example he does bring to light the political tensions in the Union army and how commanders seem to favor other certain commanders when such favoritism has dire consequences. The issue of Buford's intelligence being passed over after Reynold's death because Doubleday and others preferred their own strategy brought about an interesting thought to this book.
Overall this is a very great book, very well written and definately worth reading for further insight! 5 STARS!!!
Trudeau's effort to tell the entire story of the Gettysburg Campaign comes off well. The author weaves the history of all the events and unit movements into the fascinating story that Gettysburg can be when placed in skilled hands. This book has enough detail for civil war students. It also tells the larger story in a well written way that will satisfy those readers of history who are looking for the great epic in a retelling of the past.
Trudeau begins at the end of the Chancellorsville campaign, when Lee is pondering a move that takes advantage of the immediate situation he created in pounding Joe Hooker's Army of the Potomac. The book delves into the decision to invade the North and Lee's preparatory moves in implementing that thrust as well as the Union following and joint mission to both shield Washington and Baltimore as well as chase down the Confederates.
Both of these preludes to the meeting at Gettysburg get just due. The battle can not properly be understood without this prologue and the author handles it well.
The three days of July 1-3, 1863 are handled superbly. The majesty and drama of this, the greatest armed conflict to visit North America is well told. Unit movements at the regimental level as well as command objectives and decisions are both described. Trudeau meshes well the front line and headquarters stories of the battle.
The author's extensive research leads him to some minor conclusions and thoughts that run counter to established wisdom. These include some myth debunking and proper perspective that he buttresses with sources and first person recollections. For example, some evidence he brings forward suggests that Chamberlain's famous right wheel of the 20th Maine might have been an accident of missed commands during the heat of battle instead of a well-planned maneuver. Lee's greeting of his soldiers returning from Pickett's Charge is placed in the context of his accepting responsibility for an audacious (but not wrong) attack instead of the sorrowful apology that is frequently portrayed. He is not a revisionist, but his willingness to challenge some small parts of the story with contradictory evidence is refreshing and illuminating.
The author uses many first person accounts of combatants and Gettysburg citizens to illuminate the history. Although frequent, they are used in short snippets, which works well. Some histories, in an attempt to make the first person the focus will quote long paragraphs from journals or letters -- which can often break the narrative flow of a book. Turdeau favors the short sentence or two, or even phrase, from an observer or two to get the sense of immediacy that gives the story its drama. This tight editing allows him to bring the participants into the story without sacrificing the pace and flow of his writing.
This is a very good book that deserves to take its ranks among the standards of Civil War writing.
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This book bears comparison with another recent heavily illustrated one-volume overview of the civil war, Geoffrey C. Ward's The Civil War (companion to the PBS documentary). This book has more striking illustrations, in that they are in full-blown vivid color, whereas many in Ward's are in sepia or black and white. Ward's, though, has much better maps. It is frustrating that in this book it is not always clear exactly where battles occurred, because of the lack of maps. On the other hand, this book is better written than Ward's.
This book is useful as an adjunct to other accounts of the civil war, but if you are interested in reading only one general book about the war, this is not the one.
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For some battlefields I have seen, such as Gettysburg, Antietam, Shiloh, or Vicksburg, a vist can illuminate and can be more informative than a casual reading of several books. For Petersburg, the reverse is true. I think this is due to the length of the siege (from June 1986-April 1865), to the complexity of the military operations, and to the interrelationship of the Petersburg siege with activites elswhere, particularly Sheridan's raids in the Shenendoah Valley and Sherman's taking of Atlanta and March to the sea. I found I needed to hold these events in mind in understanding the siege, rather than simply view the battlefield. Trudeau's book, which I found during my visit to Petersburg, helped me to do this.
Noah Andre Trudeau's "The Last Citadel" explains the Petersburg Siege and places it in its context in ending the Civil War. Perhaps most importantly for me, he explains how the decisive event of the siege occurred before it even began: Grant's brilliant move following the Union disaster at Cold Harbor, in which he stole a march on General Lee, crossed the James River, (a risky and audacious move) and attacked Petersburg from the South. Lee had forseen this move. He told Cnfederate General Early at Cold Harbor that: "we must destroy this army of Grant's before he gets to the James River. If he gets there it will become a siege, and then it will be a mere question of time." These were prophetic words but Lee was unable to react quickly enough when Grant moved his army from its trenches at Cold Harbor and crossed the James River.
Trudeau's book is divided into four large Parts, together with a Prologue and an Epilogue. Each part begins with a short quotation from General Grant's "Final Report of Operations, March 1864 -- May, 1865". The four parts are each divided into short chapters which are, in turn, presented in very short bold-faced headings each highlighting a critical moment or event. Thus the scene shifts rapidly from the Union lines to those of the South, from General Grant's deliberations to those of General Lee, from the battles to the trenches. It is, on the whole, an effective means of presenting the story. It held my attention and helped me understand the sometimes confusing sequences of events.
There are excellent discussions of the famous Battle of the Crater and of General Lee's numerous attempts to take the initiative and break the siege. I found the best and most poignant writing in Part IV of the book which details the breaking of the siege. Trudeau explains how Lee's lines were simply stretched too thin and how Grant after laboring to create this situation, was able to exploit it with an all-out assault. There is a good treatment of the battle of Five Forks, which led to the break -- this discussion occurs at the end of the chapter rather than at the beginning. I viewed and heard a discussion of the Five Forks site during my visit to Petersburg -- Five Forks is some distance from most of the rest of the Battlefield. But I didn't really understand the significance of the site until I read Trudeau's book.
There are eloquent accounts of the evacuation of Petersburg and of visits during the siege by President Lincoln. Trudeau's Epilogue is thoughtful and a good summation of the book and the siege.
The maps in the book were helpful. And I particularly enjoyed the many drawings and illustrations in the book. These illustrations were made contemporaneously with the events they describe and have not often been reproduced.
This book is a good account of a critical but sometimes underestimated battle in our country's Civil War.
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