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Henry Miller is a bum (it must be admitted) living among the idle intellectuals in the seedier neighborhoods of Paris (might he have bumped into Hemingway?). He's not always unemployed; he takes temporary jobs like a proofreader at a newspaper and an English instructor at a Lycee in Dijon, and he always has a place to live, albeit filthy. Most of the time he's cavorting with friends, making new ephemeral acquaintances, visiting brothels, and engaging in the kind of promiscuity of which such a life avails itself, despite the fact that he has a wife back in America. He doesn't shy away from any of the disgusting details of living and loving -- in the novel's opening scene, he is shaving his roommate's armpit hair for lice, and believe me, it only gets worse -- but Miller thrives in the squalor and wouldn't have it any other way. Compared to his native New York, which he considers impersonal, cold, and hollow, Paris is warm and intimate, brimming with life and beauty.
"Tropic of Cancer" is very similar to two popular books that followed it by a quarter of a century: Jack Kerouac's "On the Road" in content (run-on anecdotes about outrageous activities with his friends, pulsating with waves of existentialist rambling, the main difference being that Miller is a much better writer than Kerouac), and William S. Burroughs's "Naked Lunch" in style (stream-of-consciousness narration using striking imagery in random juxtaposition). Miller possessed the spirit, if not the seed, of the Beat Generation -- his existence can be summarized in his self-description as "spiritually dead, physically alive, morally free."
This is also perhaps the book's greatest fault -- its influence outstrips its literary quality. It may not be a great novel, but it at least it's worthy of its reputation, which is more than can be said for a lot of popular books.
Miller is trying to do something radically different in this book ' to create a new art form. It isn't even a book, according to him; it is 'a prolonged insult, a gob of spit in the face of Art'' It is ultimately a song, he says. There is no plot, no linear story'there aren't even chapters ' just anecdotes and opinions of Miller's life in Paris ejaculated all over the pages. He wants to give priority to all the things that other novels pretend don't exist: sex, going to the bathroom, uncleanness ' watching a whore use a bidet before sex. To Miller, these carnal aspects of life are the realities and should be the subject of art ' not love, romance, or war. He tries to give an accurate portrait of what it was like to be a peasant in Paris in the early 20th century ' the cold reality of the fantasy of Moulin Rouge!
In the end, Miller's works are a triumph of style over substance. For him, the style IS the substance. It's difficult for me to remember anything that actually HAPPENED in the book ' what I remember is the 'piece of lead with wings on it.'
"Tropic of Cancer" is indeed a very good book that any prudish heart, with a sense for good literature, should allow him/herself to be impressed by. It stands alone in its own place in literature, where nobody (including Henry Miller) has been since.
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