This 104-page six-chapter book is perfect for both children and adults wanting to learn about steam power, railroads and the women who worked on them during the two World Wars. We picked up our copy on a visit a few years ago to the U.S. steam railroad national park in Scranton, Pennsylvania. There a woman curator acted the part of Rosie, providing riveting details from the life of a World War II female railroad worker. The children loved it and insisted on getting this volume.

The steam railroads began to take hold of the U.S. travel market in the 1930s, when people called them Iron Horses. The first three-page chapter describes the process by which trains replaced the horse and stagecoach and began to haul laws, raw materials and farm produce across the U.S. The railroads employed engineers, conductors, brakemen, firemen, station agents, dispatchers and many others to keep them running, not to mention the legions who worked to build thousands of miles of track.

Most were men, but beginning in 1838, a handful of Native American and black women (the latter, freed slaves) began to work in domestic service jobs for the railroads. They also served water and sold fruit to women traveling in the ladies' cars. In 1855, the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad hired Bridget Doheny, Catherine Shirley and Susan Morningstar as charwomen to clean the Camden, N.J. depot. In 1870, the Hartford & New Haven line hired a Mrs. T. Hatch to care for the Newington station for 75 cents a day.

In the 1870s, 1880s and 1890s, women began working as telegraphers, known in the business as brass pounders. Women like Ella Campbell communicated by Morse code with brass telegraph keys, determining which trains had rights of way, often preventing accidents. Boiler explosions, blizzards, coupling cars and runaway trains caused accidents and deaths. But hundreds more would have occurred annually without the women who worked in train traffic control. Women also served as ticket sellers and train dispatchers. By 1900 they worked as clerks.

Sarah Clark Kidder became the first woman president of a railroad in 1900 and Mary Pennington designed an improved refrigeration car and worked several years to convince railroad executives to use them. Mary Colter was an architect, who designed the Harvey chain of restaurants for the length of the Atchison, Topeka and Santa & Fe. Still others manned the chain as Harvey's girls.

But the largest influx of women into the railroad workforces occurred during the two World Wars. With men recruited to fight in Europe, the U.S. labor market turned to women to fill their jobs. Thousands of women flooded key railroad jobs--as towermen, yardmasters, drawbridge tenders, steam-hammer and turntable operators, welders, brakemen, freight handlers--and riveters.

During World War I, women worked a 48-hour week for as much as $95 a month, although they were often paid something less as "helpers." But they experienced strong patriotism and pride in their work, laboring both in their work and against discrimination and harassment, which was particularly strong against women of color. Finally there were so many women in the railroading industry that the U.S. Railroad Administration created a Women's Service Section to promote safe, comfortable working conditions for them. But when the men returned from war in late 1918, women were laid off in droves for "using bad language," "drunkeness," and "distracting men at work."

The pattern repeated in World War II. Once again the women made the U.S. victory trains run.

The last chapter of this fine read discusses the past, the present and the future for American railroading women. Alyssa A. Lappen

I have experience in a lot of the fields mentioned in this book. The photographs and history behind them by Shirley Burman makes the women of yesteryear come alive again in my mind!! I thououghly enjoyed this book, and encourage others to read it. After 27 years on the railroad, there was a lot I learned from this book... Thanks, Shirley and Nancy.....!!!

This easy reader chapter book promotes books and reading with an appealing story set in 1905 Maryland. Inquisitive Clara desperately wants to learn to read, but there are no schools nearby, and her father says she's too busy with farmwork to waste her time on books.

Levinson makes historical fiction very appealing to younger readers, with a fine eye to the details of rural life, without getting bogged down in old-fashioned terms. While the story is simple, the characters and plot are realistic. In the process, the reader is introduced to the very first "bookmobile," a horse-drawn wagon, based on historical fact.

In our library, this title doesn't get checked out until it is read-aloud or otherwise introduced to the children. After that it gets a lot of use. Recommended.

We used this book to supplement our Alaska unit in social studies and science before our Iditarod Sled Dog Race unit. It gave us all great information about the people of Alaska before 1959. The content led to many other science topics and discussions. We highly recommend this book!

Nancy Smiler Levinson's Magellan And The First Voyage Around The World provides a lively account of his 1519 journey with his fleet of five ships and almost three hundred men. Storms, disease, and attacks by natives marred his voyage. This reads like fiction but is a nonfiction account kids will remember.

Snowshoe Thompson is a wonderful book about an immigrant who has helped a young boy communicate with his father. This book has kept the interest of our 1/2 year old and 3 year old during our night time story reading ritual. Having read it at least 100 times, I am still delighted to read it to our boys.