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The whole book is essentially the inner thoughts of S., a half Serb/half Muslim schoolteacher who finds herself caught up in the Bosnian war in the early 1990's. S. is abducted at gunpoint and sent to a camp where she quickly finds herself in the throes of dehumanization. S. and groups of other women are tormented by guards, denied adequate housing and food, and denied proper medical care. The book nosedives into insanity when S. is chosen to become an inmate of the "women's camp," a special brothel set up to service the soldiers of the camp. S. and others are routinely raped and tortured. Drakulic tells us the details, which I will not reproduce here for reasons of decency. S. survives the camp by becoming the girlfriend of the camp commander. Eventually, S. is freed through a prisoner exchange and ends up in Zagreb with a cousin and her family. S. doesn't want to stay and ends up hitting the refugee lottery by getting a visa to Sweden. Unfortunately for S., she discovers she is pregnant by one of the soldiers involved in the rapes. S. agonizes over her condition and decides to put the baby up for adoption. The end of the book can be seen as either happy or depressing, although I tend to see it as the former, a triumph over the inhumanity of war.
Drakulic pulls no punches with this tale. The rapes are depicted in nauseating detail, as is the process of dehumanization practiced on all of the prisoners. Most jarring is the occasional mention of dates (can this really be happening in 1992? In Europe?). What Drakulic has essentially accomplished is shrinking down the process of war to the level of the individual. S. is one individual, and it staggers the mind to think there were thousands, or even millions, of stories analogous to hers. Certainly, referring to this character as "S." is a way of trying to illustrate this point. A name does not matter because so many are going through this trauma. The guards of the camp certainly don't care what her name is, nor do the people in charge of this war.
This is a sick book full of depressing and grim stories. I'm still glad I read it, though. It is good to be reminded of war and its horrors. War is not parades and glory. War is the systematic dehumanization of one group of people by another (although both sides are often dehumanized in the process). Those of us who may live out our lives in peace because we live in the West should consider ourselves very lucky. To not have to go through the things described in this book is like winning a global lottery. S. is highly recommended by this reader.
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Karahasan, is a Bosnian Muslim that is married to a Serbian woman. As the city is getting shelled and is occupied by Serbian forces, one is thrown off balance by Karahasan's cool recollection of events and anecdotes. Of particular interest is his exchange with a French humanitarian worker. It just shows how two people, through their individual circumstances, can have a difficult time understanding one another.
This book is frighteningly honest. The author is never shy about his disenchantment or his occasional thoughts of suicide. Even with that, this is not a depressing book. More than anything, I think it shows how war just sucks the soul and life out of some people. Its like they don't even have the energy to be angry at their aggressors anymore. They just want out.
One aspect I certainly wasn't expecting when I picked up this book was the literary criticism. Karahasan was a professor at the University of Sarajevo who taught drama and literature. The book criticizes much modern literature as empty academia. He asserts that while war is destruction and chaos, that things like literature are one of the few civilizing factors in wartime, and that writers have a lot of responsibility.
The first chapter is quite awkward, but after that, the book really picks up. At 123 pages, this book is an easy read. For a portrait of life during wartime and for a heavy handed criticism of much of what passes for literature today, this is an excellent book. Even saying what I've said about it, this description doesn't fully capture the scope of this book. It is very hard to describe fully what the author is trying to accomplish, because he goes about it in an odd manner. That being said, pick up this short little book and be prepared to be moved.
This is one of the books that is not easily described but must be read and absorbed personally to fully appreciate its craft.
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While my own experience in post-communist Europe was limited to a year-long 'visit', my suspicions that Ms. Drakulic may sometimes go overboard in the connections she draws between the social psychology of poverty and attitudes toward civic responsibility in this context were somewhat supported by the reactions (to these two books) of friends who had been raised under European communism. The conversations we had about these books were at least, if not more, interesting than the books themselves.
Ms. Drakulic's message is an engaging one, accessible in style and intensely personal (which she openly states in her introduction to this book). Her open and direct approach was very valuable to me as a reader, even when I felt I couldn't really follow her arguments to the bigger conclusions about life (in post-communist countries and in general) that she seems to want to persuade her readers of in "Cafe Europa".
The book is easy to pick up and put down, as it has topical chapters that stand beautifully as separate pieces, but that culminate powerfully in the final chapters for a strong overall effect.
Her native land of Croatia has gone through many changes recently and yearns to be considered part of Western Europe. Several cafes have opened called "Café Europa" which try to imitate those in Vienna. But the coffee is served in heavy utilitarian cups and the pastries lack the taste and delicacy of what can be found just a few miles, but yet a world away in Austria. Ms. Drakulic writes with humor and as well as irony and passion as she discusses this and other aspects of life in her part of the world. Such as that it is impossible it is to find a clean toilet, equipped with soap, toilet paper and running water anywhere in Bucharest, the capital of Romania.
There are the constant humiliations of having to cross borders and have to show her Croatian passport. And the way she and other Eastern Europeans are distrusted reach farther than just the border crossings. She talks about consumer goods and how she and others constantly have to smuggle them across the border. One especially interesting story is how she and her husband argued about whether to smuggle a vacuum cleaner to Croatia or be willing to buy it at home and pay an inflated price.
She travels a lot and picks up details of the character of a place. For example, when she visits Sofia, which is the capital of Bulgaria, she is very aware that nobody smiles. To smile, in that culture, is perceived as a sign of subservience and weakness. This is just the opposite in the United States, where everyone smiles and thanks you for your business even though a phrase like "how are you today" doesn't mean that anybody cares. She also was impressed with the way that Americans value their perfect and well-kept teeth. When she returned to Croatia, she looked at the teeth of her fellow Croatians and discovered that many people had missing or rotten teeth. Even the people who could afford dental care didn't get it. It just wasn't important to them.
But have no allusions. This book is not just about these rather enlightening cross-cultural social discoveries. She goes deeply into the history of Croatia and the war crimes during WW2. And her trip to Israel and how she was constantly asked about whether or not she carried any guilt even though she was born after the War. She talks about an interview by another journalist with a former concentration camp commander who is living in Argentina. Ms. Drakulic is angry because the other journalist never made him answer any hard questions or confront him with his crimes.
She also discusses the Muslims of the area and ethnic cleansing. And she talks about Tito and other dictators and how so many people feel displaced by all this new freedom and yearn for a return to communism.
I really learned a lot from this book even though I wasn't familiar with all the names of the political figures. It made me want to learn more. And I plan on doing just that. This is a great beginning though. And, even if I never get a chance to read any more about this area, it certainly made me understand and appreciate the Eastern European world and some of its contradictions and complexities. And she did this all in a mere 213 pages.
I highly recommend this book for everybody. Read it. It will gently and firmly open your eyes to this very interesting part of the world.
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Don't waste your time.
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I think this book conveys the human disaster of war. People suffer in a number of ways. They may not be soldiers, but they still suffer. Old ways die, and new ways may not be convenient to old people. Opportunities arise as can be seen where the woman confiscated another woman's apartment. War makes people old. I think all these feelings are conveyed in the book.