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As a county planner, I found this book provided me with a basis of knowledge to promote responsible land use decisions in my county. This book should be national standard reading for land use professionals.
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In 1942, with the Allied invasions of Morocco and Algeria, Nazi Germany finally began to feel the momentum of defeat looming ahead. France, having been divided into two distinct zones, the Occupied in the north, and Vichy in the south, was placed entirely under the jurisdiction of the Germans, who still saw France as a military asset. Because of the growing underground resistance movements that were sabotaging or ambushing German patrols and supplies, the Nazi secret police (the Gestapo) sent SS First Lieutenant Klaus Barbie to Lyons, France, to quash the Resistance. Because the Nazi vision of war was one against all "Enemies of the State," Barbie's other "assignment" was to rid Lyons of Jews. Thousands of people, including 44 innocent Jewish children at a refuge in the village of Izieu, and the "Resistance martyr" Jean Moulin, were slaughtered, the former being sent to the gas chambers of Auschwitz and Moulin being beaten literally to a pulp in the labrynth of Montluc Prison before being left to die.
Following the war, Barbie remained in hiding, having been recruited by the American CIC (predecessor to the CIA) to fight off communist movements and organizations in Bavaria, and was later packed off to Bolivia with his family, after the Americans began taking a lot of heat from an enraged French government, demanding his return to the scene of his crimes. Bolivia became his safehouse, where Barbie remained until 1983, when he was finally extradited to France to face charges of crimes against humanity.
Tom Bower's enthralling and equally informative account in this book will leave your mind filled to the brim with info on one of the most infamous Nazis ever to emerge from the theory and practice of Nazism. I highly reccomend it: thoroughly researched and well-written, Bower's book remains the definitive of its kind!
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The action of the novel begins with a view of the Allworthy family, a landed gentleman, Thomas Allworthy and his sister, Bridget. Into this family is dropped an orphan, a foundling - a child, if you will, of questionable parentage. This child, Tom Jones, is raised alongside Bridget's child, Blifil, as relative equals. Both are tutored by two ideologues, the philosopher Square and the theologian Thwackum. Jones is a precocious, free-spirited youngster, spoiled by Allworthy while Blifil, the heir apparent to the estate, becomes the favourite pupil and spoiled accordingly by his mother. As the two youths age, Tom develops a fondness for the neighbour's daughter, Sophia Western.
Tom's sexual development begins to get him in trouble, as it tends to throughout the novel, and as a result of one such incident, coupled with the goading jealousy of Blifil, Tom is driven out of the Allworthy home, left to seek his fortunes in the world. Meeting his supposed father, Partridge, on the road, the two begin a quixotic ramble across England. Sophia, meanwhile, pressured into marrying Blifil, runs away from home, beginning her own voyage of discovery.
"Tom Jones" begins with the narrator likening literature to a meal, in which the paying customer comes expecting to be entertained and satisfied. All 18 books of "Tom Jones" start out with such authorial intrusions, each cluing us into the writer's craft, his interactions with his public, and various other topics. This voice is actually sustained throughout the novel, providing a supposedly impartial centre of moral value judgments - each of which seems to tend toward enforce Fielding's project of a realistic, and yet, didactic portrayal of a world full of flawed characters.
Some of the issues the novel deals most extensively with are modes of exchange, anxieties over female agency, and the power of rumour and reputation. Exchange and the ways in which value is figured include a wide range of goods - money, bodies, food, and stories - and are integral to the story. The treatment of women is a great concern in "Tom Jones": from Partridge's perpetual fear of witchcraft to the raging arguments between Squire Western and his sister over how Sophia should be treated, to general concerns about sexuality and virtue. A novel that can be in turns hilarious, disturbing, and provoking, "Tom Jones" is never dull. Despite its size, the pace of the novel is extremely fast and lively. So, get thee to a superstore and obtain thyself a copy of this excellent and highly entertaining novel.
Although I am a fan of Jane Austen I was shocked by the freshness and wit that Fielding's writing still retains. Every book in the novel begins with an essay by the author. Do not skip these, they are one of the best features of the book. My favorite is the essay before the ninth book which explains the purpose of these introductory chapters. What a riot!
The story of big hearted and big appetited Tom Jones and his adventures and misadventures is one long satirical gem. Fielding's interpretation of morals, piousness, love, and high society is still as hilarious and relevant as it was in the 18th century. For anyone who appreciates wit and history, this is a must read.
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Both books have to be read in order to ascertain the facts from the chaff. Entertaining read, all in all.
I picked up this book on a recent trip to London. I'd always had a favorable impression of Richard Branson, so I decided to buy one of his biographies. I noticed several different ones for sale. I chose this one for two reasons. The other biographies were AUTHORIZED and VETTED by Branson. This one claims to be objective, but unauthorized, and explains why this is so, very thoroughly. The book is written by an investigative historian and journalist, and is METICULOULY researched, with pages of sources sited. The book has been gone through with a fine-toothed comb by the publisher's lawyers, who have already vetted the book. Every single thing reported in this book can be completely and thoroughly substantiated.
So what does this shocking book say? Branson's high school teacher predicted he'd either end up very rich, or in jail. He very nearly did end up in jail in his early career. He basically takes advantage of everyone, hiding behind his supposedly altruistic motives, while his real motives are to rip off everyone he can, having built an empire equivalent to a house of cards. Before I read this book, I would have liked to meet him. Now I feel he's absolute poison, and he completely revolts me. He apparently jumps into bed with every possible girl, but doesn't even have the decency to pay their cab fair home. After enticing star-struck girls into bed, he apparently tells his friends that he wakes up in the morning and says, "Who the f*** is this in my bed?" (direct quote from the book). Just as former empires around the world were built on the back of slave labor, so he treats his employees. He gives the public image of "fun" while absolutely breaking his poor employees' backs-and he has gotten a lot worse with his employees' treatment as the years went on. Furthermore, his is an empire built on sand, that could continually collapse at any moment. He knows little about running business, and doesn't like detail. Most of his businesses lose money, but he has a couple that bring in the cash to keep the others afloat, with a team of accountants who continually shuffle the money around. Surprisingly, this book does admit that he has some strengths. These include hiring good people around him to take care of all the details and run his businesses (since he can't, and isn't interested). But in the end, because he doesn't pay these people well or treat them well, they leave him, and he can only attract mediocre talent-one cause of the Virgin brand not being of good quality. His real strengths are in deal-making and self-promotion. His balloon trips are all "stunts" to attract publicity to himself and the Virgin brand, in a way that is far less expensive than advertising would be (he basically doesn't advertise, and considers it a big waste of money). He keeps expenses down, skims off the cash, and keeps it offshore to avoid British taxes. And he lies, lies, lies, all the time. According to this book, he's a poison pirate. I was reminded continually while reading this book of the old quotation, "It's easier for a camel to pass through the eye of a needle than for a rich man to get into heaven." I have nothing at all against rich people, but in the case of Richard Branson, this quote seems very appropriate.
This book is not a quick read. I could only absorb about 20 pages at a time. If you are interested in Richard Branson, you should definitely read this book.
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The primary story here is the well-documented system developed and employed by the Swiss banking systems to garner the money deposited by Jews and other potential victims attempting to flee fascism, and to then safeguard it against any and all attempts to withdraw the money by the legitimate survivors of those victims. At base, this is the story of the craven and deliberate theft of what is most likely many billions of dollars by the Swiss, who have stonewalled attempts to give some kind of accounting for the money and other valuables left behind by the Holocaust victims. It is, by the way, also the story of a small group of dedicated lawyers, accountants, and other professionals to force the Swiss into accounting for the money and compensating the families of the victims, even though it is clear that there is no way all of the money can ever be accounted for, or, for that matter, ever returned.
Given this situation, then, what his book represents is the last grisly chapter in the history of the Holocaust, a chapter in which memories and dignities are shattered and held up to ridicule by bankers more interested in their own financial gains than in a fair accounting of the facts. Bower provides a stunning description of the truly despicable behavior displayed by the Swiss, and their nefarious role in denying victims' families knowledge about or access to any of the funds left in their care. He also describes a wide variety of ways in which the Swiss betrayed their pose of studied neutrality during the war by actively providing goods, materials, and money to the Germans, all of which aided and abetted the German war effort against the Allies. This book is scrupulously researched, meticulously documented, and carefully described, and as a result gives the reader a much better appreciation for the true nature of Swiss involvement was both during the war and thereafter. This is an interesting and worthwhile book, and one that I recommend to students of 20th century history. Enjoy!
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What actually follows is a dull account of the diplomatic and adminstrative wrangling over German scientists between various Allied committees, government agencies and corporations during 1945 and the immediate post war years. Rather than presenting any moral indignation at all, the author instead seems singularly annoyed that British attempts to exploit Nazi science were frustrated and outmanoeuvred by US and French efforts.
I'm sure there are better books than this dealing with this murky era of history. Try Gehlen: Spy of the Century by EH Cookridge, it deals with Allied use of the German intelligence apparatus in the post-war years.
Bower gives a thorough and occasionally wry recount about the Allies' post-war 'Every man for himself' competition for Nazi scientists. He also spends an appropriate time discussing how the U.S. overcame the moral dilemna over this competition (the press must not find out) and contrasts these efforts with the Nuremburg Trials.
Remember the quote from The Right Stuff, "Our Nazis are better than their Nazis"? Bower goes beyond the hunt for rocket scientists and provides a pervasive overview of the breadth of Nazi technological advancement across a variety of industries. I thought he could have done even more here. The discoveries were also describes the lengths each of the powers went to get top scientists. The British, French, U.S. and U.S.S.R. pulled out all the stops. Indirectly, Bower also makes a pretty strong pitch against disarmament.
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