This two volume work is based on Montgomery's ThD thesis at the University of Strasbourg. It was first issued in 1973 and is scheduled for reissue by Kluwer Publishers. In a series of interrelated essays Montgomery explores the life, labour and thought of the German Lutheran minister Johann Valentin Andreae. He sets Andreae in the context of the Lutheran influences on the rise of modern science and shows, contrary to popular impressions, that from the outset Lutheranism was friendly to scientific research. Then Montgomery seeks to sketch the life and world-view of Andreae and reappraises the long-repeated claim that he was the founder of Rosicrucianism. Montgomery documents from many unpublished primary source materials how Andreae was an orthodox Lutheran theologian and pastor. He shows the intense labour of Andreae to achieve a fusion of thought between faith, science and scholarship in general. He documents Andreae's relationships with various scholars of his day. He also is at pains to show that via Andreae, Lutheran orthodoxy in the 17th century was not ossified. In Andreae we see a fusion between piety and learning. Montgomery thus uses Andreae as an illustration to expose the specious post-Enlightenment interpretations of Lutheran orthodoxy as dry, dull and dead. Furthermore, Montgomery re-opens the case concerning The Chymical Wedding as a document of Rosicrucianism. From primary sources Montgomery demonstrates that Rosicrucianism predated this book and that Andreae's text was an apologia to woo the Rosicrucians back to Christianity. This is a very learned text that has helped stimulate further research in various directions. Although dated in many respects, especially bibliographically, the book is a scholarly gem. It should be of interest to scholars of 17th century intellectual thought, Lutheran theology, and the hermetic traditions of the occult.