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James Madison is one of the foremost thinkers of the founding generation of Americans. Though he wasn't much to look at, Madison commanded a library of thought between his ears. Being well educated, (Princeton), he was an avid reader of polictical thought, a great legislator, and framer of the Constitution of the United States of America. But he also wanted the development of civil liberties, adovcating the idea of republicanism, and had the courage to want a moral society. A society that was religious, but not one that was dominated by a State or Central religion... in essence he wanted people to be free to worship as their devotion dictated... a liberty of conscience or a freedom of religious inquiry.
Thomas Jefferson and James Madison along with various others, at that time, worked hard to formulate a Bill of Rights guarenteeing this and other fundamental freedoms. Madison's ideas and actions went far in establishing these freedoms... a fledgling nation needed these freedoms so it would not fall back into the hands of the few and privilaged.
This book works through these aforementioned problems, with prominent historians giving view points of Madison by essays on the various aspects of Madison's thought on religious liberties.
There are selected Madison papers with which we read that gives a better prespective as to how Madison got to where he wanted to be... working the aspect of religious freedom.
We get to look into Madison's mind and find how he thought reading here about Madison's own religion, how he had the courage to doubt in a secular republic, and Madison and the first amendment. I found the book to be fascinating as we get to look inside, through Madison's own writings.
Those wishing to get a better picture of the inner workings of Madison should, without doubt, read this tome and it will clear up a lot about how James Madison worked his way through these times, not unlike what we are dealing with today. More wars, aggravation, and human suffering have come about in the name of religion than anything else mankind has known... the founding fathers knew this... what they came up with is an American tradition, taking these principles and making them work for the good of the people.
This is an excellent and comprehensive work that will fill in blanks, an you'll get a better understanding of Madison.
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1. Support to religious schools 2. Religion in public schools 3. Restrictions on the free exercise of one's religion
The editor, Mr. Alley, provides no critique of the Supreme Court's action in these matters, so one doesn't actually critique the book in the normal sense. What the Court has written, it has written. My only disappointment was in finding that a brief summary was sometimes presented in lieu of any Court opinions. Mr. Alley undoubtedly had book size restrictions to consider (the book is 545 pages long), and presumably he gave short shrift to cases that were less (in his opinion) important, or were based significantly on reasoning established in prior cases.
As an example, I have a strong interest in the creationist vs. evolution controversy. The Epperson vs. Arkansas case concerning teaching creationism in public schools was presented in a half page summary. A similar case involving a state law in Louisiana, Edwards vs. Aguillard, was dismissed in one sentence.
In balance, however, it's a great reference book. I can see that this would be an outstanding resource for students writing term papers on the subject of the first amendment and religion.
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The typical first amendment case involves some form of prayer or religious teaching being imposed on all students. Even if students are not required to participate, their non-participation usually exposes them to harassment by other students.
Without exception, plaintiffs in first amendment religious cases have been the victims of death threats and hate mail. Plaintiffs have also suffered beatings and damage of property at the hands of hostile Christians. What is also amazing is the fact that most citizens do not realize that the bill of rights does not establish a system of majority rule, but instead protects the individual rights of all citizens. In terms of the first amendment this means that I as a non Christian should not have to be forced to pray to a Christian God.
For a good presentation of what our country's founders were thinking about when they wrote the constitution read "The Godless Constitution", by Kramnick and Moore. Washington, Madison and Jefferson did not in any sense want religion mixed with government.
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I highly recomment this book. Samuel Plank is a delight.
Thanks R.W. Alley. Please re-publish this book.
Thank you.