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First, this book is about much more than just the life of Abba Eban. Abba Eban embodies a significant portion of Israeli history. In his autobiography he relates this history in first person. The book is less abstractly intellectual than his book _My People: The Story of the Jews_. Instead, Eban's autobiography focusses largely on the personalities who helped create Israel as Mr. Eban knew them. This means that one of the most sweeping and dramatic events of the 20th century comes alive through the eyes of one of its central figures.
Second, aside from being at the heart of the establishment and nurturing of Israeli statehood, Mr. Eban is one of this centuries foremost diplomats. Anyone with an interest in diplomacy or international relations will be thrilled with the inside view and personal analysis Mr. Eban gives. Eban discusses how he dealt with the down to earth Harry Truman, the volatile David Ben Gurion, the stubborn Golda Meir, and many more.
Third, Abba Eban writes in an engaging and insightful manner. Eban is a great story teller, using stunning descriptive writing, clever analogies, and plenty of dry wit. This may sound like an excessively strong endorsement, but I think the point is that Mr. Eban's command of language makes the stories he relates, fascinating in their own right, all the more powerful.
In conclusion, if you would enjoy a well written book with unique insights into the establishment and development of the State of Israel from the perspective of Israel's foremost statesman, then I believe you won't be dissapointed by Mr. Eban's splendid autobiography.
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This work is particularly valuable, as it is the only first-hand English language study of the Iranian Constitutional Revolution. It is particularly valuable for those readers unable to access works in Farsi, such as Ahmad Kasravi's seminal work on the Constitutional Revolution.
In this work, Brown vividly portrays the machinations of the British, Russian, and Iranian players in the constitutional revolution. One can sense the joy and agony in Browne's work as he describes the initial victory of the constitutionalists, and their eventual defeat at the hands of foreign agents and Iranian traitors.
Amanat's introduction is also valuable for the historical and biographical context it provides. Amanat, a scholar at Yale, has established his position as one the most prominent authors of Iranian history in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.
Those who enjoy this work, may care to also consider Shuster's work "The Strangling of Persia", also in the Persia observed series.
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What one learns from reading Professor Amanat's book is that ruling Persia during the age of Europe's Imperial expansion, industrialization, and modernization, Nasir al-Din was able to prove himself quite effectively as an astute diplomat. What he lacked in military might, he made up for in diplomatic wit, playing the great powers against one another (namely Britain and Russia). What has never been acknowledged about him prior to this book is that he fared quite well in his attempt to assure Iranian territorial integrity and independence (preventing the partitioning of Iran).
Professor Amanat does not in any way put Nasir al-Din at par with Peter the Great, Nadir Shah, or Napoleon. He simply fills the vacuum surrounding the psyche, environment, and the character of this King, and presents the reader with a fresh new look on the Nasir-i era. This book is objective and focused on preserving history. It has not re-written history, it has contributed to it greatly. Having read this book, I still do not believe Nasir al-Din was by any measure a great king. In fact his religious beliefs, rooted in predestination, repeatedly resigned him to accept that which was quite unacceptable. Nasir al-Din's personal hero, Peter the Great of Russia, was never as docile as he was. Peter reformed, built, and strengthened his country, while Nasir al-Din Shah, at best, preserved the status quo. As for his capital modernization attempts, the introduction of the telegraph, the purchasing of the four cannon ship Persepolis, and the five mile long railway from Tehran to Shah 'Abd al-'Azim, were too little for a reign of 48 years to win him great praise. Great reform at times of weakness is indeed a historical possibility. Peter The Great of Russia set such an example prior to Nasir al-Din, as well as Mustafa Kemal Ataturk of Turkey, two decades after him. Change is facilitated through effective leadership. Let us never forget the praise given to Ataturk when it was written that "the will of the believer, become the creator of miracles."
I recommend Professor Amanat's book highly to anyone interested in history, biography, or nineteenth century imperialism. I give his book five GIANT stars and hope that the professor writes another book covering the second half of Nasir al-Din's reign.
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Throughout history, Vilna's rich cultural life made it known to Jewish residents as the Jerusalem of Lithuania. In June 1941, the city fell to the Nazis. Kovner hid in a nearby convent.
That fall, few believed the muffled rumors of Nazi horrors. But Kovner, who had already suffered cruelly, was inclined to listen. In December 1941 he returned at great risk to learn from a 17-year-old girl of mass murders at Ponar and her survival beneath naked corpses in an open pit. As only a visionary leader could, he understood that this presaged Nazi extermination plans. Knowing their only hope for survival was to fight, he led the Jewish partisans, with his future wife Vitka Kempner and their friend Ruzka Korczak.
After the war, Kovner constructed an extensive Jewish underground to lead refugees from a criminally indifferent Europe into pre-Israel Palestine. Tens of thousands skirted Britain's draconian immigration rules, which illegally banned all but a handful of Jews from the Jewish National Homeland. Arrested in December 1945, Kovner was imprisoned in Cairo and Jerusalem on unspecified charges until 1946.
The UN's November 1947 partition plan ushered Kovner into Givati Brigade leadership to ensure safety for Jewish Palestinians, whom Arabs had begun to brutally attack. Yet that year, he found time to write and publish his first book of Hebrew poems. While There is Still Night (and 21 books of Hebrew poems that followed) reverberated with the enormous events that had shaped his voice. Forty years later, he lost that voice to cancer.
Sloan Kettering avoids self-pity or sturm und drang. Looking at his sons' photos, Kovner asks, "in their presence/ may one cry?" He speaks in understated irony. "We had the grandchildren for Hanukkah. I didn't/ sing 'Ma'oz Tsur with them, you know why." He lost senses, without complaint. He'll tell of that another time
if there is one.
P.S.
There will not be
another conversation. Just as this one is no more
than the invention of a throat in ruins.
Kovner also shows modesty. His "burden of molten/ rocks" is to "stay in the archives/ it is not for the operating table." One stanza of a poem instructing his heirs consists of the first two words of the mourners' Kaddish -- Yitgadal veyitkadash [magnified and sanctified]. He next notes the greater suffering of others--and remembers God, reciting the third and fourth words of the Kaddish--shemei rabba [is the Name].
He relives his fight for the survival of the Europe's Jews. He shudders here, like he did then, "challenged to stand up for his right/ to live." Were he alive, Kovner would perhaps agree that the poems reflect the current war against Israel, in which most of the world again stands ideologically pitted against the Jewish people, again asking how the vast majority can be wrong. Kovner knows the answer, presciently warning, "The worst of all comes back." He asks, "Will we ever/ get out of this terrible forest?"
In Sloan Kettering's silence echoes the great silence 65 years ago, when a Jewish prisoner was
cut off from his supervisor
finds himself running
from room to room
with no idea where to turn.
One encounters again "a pathless wilderness/ between yellow arrows/ and blue signs." Reflecting his furtive life in Nazi-occupied Vilna, the New York cancer center is "a trans-life corridor."
The fingers of a black nurse mirror "the velvet pad where Mother/ kept her needles." Impossible circumstances forced Kovner to abandon her to save others. His mind and heart, however, never left her. His nights end by telling her of his fears, and about her grandchildren. "She should have a little joy/in Ponar."
He recalls Itzik Wittenburg, betrayed to the Nazis on July 16, 1943, who hoped that going along would save others. In his cell, he swallowed prussic acid. "The gate is still open." ... "a nation holding its breath."
Kovner 's metaphors also reflect the life that cancer patients struggle to keep, against hope and time. In a sense, they capture it too, for these Eddie Levenston translations (like those in A Canopy in the Desert and My Little Sister), are larger than life. Kovner describes a Thai man, "from a country of free people/once" whose cities appear wretched to "those who live on, in solitude, in their dead world." His face looks like "Lost parchment/ in the heart of the desert."
Kovner understandably has no more "trust in the mercy of heaven," recalling "the day he lost patience waiting/ for the echo of his cry...to come back from empty space." Yet like all his work, these poems invoke Jewish prayers, themes and biblical proportions, some (though not all) detailed in the endnotes.
Readers may recognize Psalm 114 in Kovner's
mountains of Palmyra,
when they set up the most advanced of radio-
telescopes, the planners rejoiced
like young goats.
Though scientists may "scan/ the uttermost secrets/ of the universe-" its "uttermost ends flee and escape/...beyond space." This is Kovner's Jordan that fled backward. He asks, "isn't that how cancer sits,/ microscopically,/ lurking in his vocal cords"? ..." An abyss fine as a pinhead/ in ambush," whose mysterious patience resembles
the galaxies of emptiness
beyond the black holes
left in space
like a fateful seal
with no dawn-
These poems come as close as any to capturing absolute truth--that strangely elusive engine, invisible to most people most of the time, which poets spend their lives seeking to record. Kovner offers muted, simple humility. He writes so delicately of massacre and genocide--terms lately bloodied by their false invocation and overuse--that even readers unaware of his history, will find these poems pristine, awesome and beyond reproach.
--Alyssa A. Lappen
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The orientation is toward the Bayesian approach however, with good coverage of prior and posterior distributions, conjugate priors and Bayesian Hierarchical Models. The last chapter on Markov Chain Monte Carlo methods is mostly used for Bayesian inference.
This is a great reference source but can also be used in a graduate level course on mathematical statistics, probably as a supplemental text. There are many useful exercises in this edition. The book is fairly advanced and presupposes an introduction to mathematical statistics at the level of the text by Bickel and Doksum. It also assumes that the reader has had some introduction to Bayesian methods but only at the level of, say, Box and Tiao's text. It does not assume any knowledge of stochastic processes including Markov chains.
Convergence properties for the Markov Chain Monte Carlo algorithms (MCMC) are crucial to their success. Elements of discrete Markov chains are introduced in chapter 6 to make the algorithms understandable, but proof of convergence are avoided because they would involve a more detailed account of Markov chain theory.
Tanner provides a good list of the references that were available in 1996. The research in MCMC methods is continuing to be intense and so there are many good references that have appeared since the publication of this book. Robert and Casella (1999) provides a more detailed and more current treatment but even that book is a couple of years dated.
The EM and data augmentation algorthms are used for problems that are classified as missing data problems. The data may be missing as in a survey where particular questions are not answered by the respondents or it could be censored data as in a medical study or clinical trial. The censored data problem is illustrated by Tanner using the Stanford Heart Transplant data. Mixture models are also handled via these algorithms since the identification of the component that the observation belongs to can be viewed as missing data.
Tanner demonstrates a wide variety of techniques to handle many important problems and he illustrates them on real data. It is nice to have all of this compactly written in just 200 pages!
Abba possessed a unique blend of charisma, talent, and originality. Who can forget the sentimental lyrics of ,"I Had A Dream", the gentle flow of "The Rivers of Babylon", the melancholy strains of "Fernando" or the upbeat dance-hit, "Dancing Queen"? The list of hits went on and on.
What I particularly liked about this book was the numerous photographs all depicting Abba at their finest. Many photographs are ones not often, if ever, published before, at least not on this continent. In addition, the book reveals a lot of factual, personal information about the individuals themselves. The road to fame and fortune is not an easy one as readers will discover through the pages of this book. Some facts have been printed before, but other aspects of their career are presented here in a more complete, in-depth light. Fans of Abba, will no longer need to wonder, "what ever happened to..." because the epilogue tells you just that. Of all the books on the group, this is one of the best in print.